Forces on Charged particles

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F=BIL Or is it….. F=qvB.

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Presentation transcript:

Forces on Charged particles Derivation Example Whiteboards Motion in a circle Direction Northern Lights

Recall F = IlBsin Derive F = qvBsin F = force on moving particle q = charge on particle (in C) (+ or -???) v = particle’s velocity  = angle twixt v and B Can a magnetic force increase a charged particle’s speed?

Example - proton going 4787.81 m/s in earth’s magnetic field (5.0 x 10-5 T) What force? . . . . . . . . . . . . p+ v = 4787.81 m/s q = 1.602 x 10-19 C F = qvBsin F = qvBsin F = (1.602 x 10-19 C)(4787.81 m/s)(5.0 x 10-5 T)sin(90o) F = 3.8 x 10-20 N

Consider the path of particle Force is centripetal . . . . . . . . . . . . F F F F If at 90o qvB = ma = mv2/r qvB = mv2/r qB = mv/r, r = mv/(qB) r = (1.673 x 10-27 kg)(4787.81 m/s)/(1.602 x 10-19 C)/(5.0 x 10-5 T) r = 1.0000 m = 1.0 m

What is the path of the proton in the B field? . . . . . . . . . . CW

What is the path of the electron in the B field? . . . . . . . . . . ACW

What is the path of the proton in the B field? . . . . . . . . . . p+ CW

What is the path of the electron in the B field? x x x x x x x x x x x x CW

What is the path of the proton in the B field? x x x x x x x x x x p+ ACW

Superconducting magnets Energy of particles Why we have particle accelerators

Whiteboards - Force: qvB = mv2/r 1 | 2

If the electron is going 1. 75 x 106m/s, and the magnetic field is If the electron is going 1.75 x 106m/s, and the magnetic field is .00013 T, what is the radius of the path of the electron? m = 9.11 x 10-31 kg q = 1.602 x 10-19 C F = qvBsin F = ma, a = v2/r x x x x x x x x x x F = qvBsin F = ma, a = v2/r qvB = mv2/r r = mv/qB r = 0.07655 m = 7.7 cm e- 7.7 cm

What B-Field do you need to make a proton going 2 What B-Field do you need to make a proton going 2.13 x 107 m/s go in a 3.2 cm radius circle? m = 1.673 x 10-27 kg q = 1.602 x 10-19 C F = qvBsin F = ma, a = v2/r F = qvBsin F = ma, a = v2/r qvB = mv2/r B = mv/qr B = 6.951 T = 7.0 T 7.0 T

Earth’s Magnetic field Explain angle to B-Field (vertical B field, velocity angled upward) Earth’s Magnetic field

e- e+ Bubble Chamber - particles make tracks in B field. Directions, spiral