1/8 & 1/9 - 8th Grade Agenda Learning Objective: Learn about Properties of Carbon Collect HW: Reading & Notetaking p.141 – 142 Video: None of the Above Textbook Reading p. 299 - 304 HW: Reading & Notetaking p.143 – 144 Reminder: Last day to turn in late work in 1/13 Reminder HW: Science Fair Background due 1/13 & 1/14 (10 Points)
Daily Reflection Prompt: Name 5 things that are made up of Carbon.
Which element is essential life? Carbon: Because of its unique ability to comb______ in many ways with itself and other elements, carbon has a central role in the chemistry of living org_________ ine anism
Carbon can be arranged different ways
What kind of Pure Carbon is this? Diamond: At very high temp__________ and pressures, carbon atoms can form diamonds. Diamonds are extremely hard and nonrea______. erature active
What kind of Pure Carbon is this? Graphite: In graphite, each carbon atom is bon______tightly to three other carbon in layers Bonds between atoms in different layers are very we_______. ded ak
Diamonds are the hardest substance on Earth. What is it made out of? Carbon Diamonds are formed deep within the earth At very high temperature and pressure, carbon atoms from diamond crystals.
Diamonds and Pencil Leads are both made out of pure carbon Question: Why is a diamond much harder than pencil lead? Answer: Difference in the arrangement of molecules
Carbon has 4 valence electrons Because Carbon has 4 valence electrons, it is possible for carbon atoms to from chains and rings
What kind of Pure Carbon is this? Fullerene are carbon atoms arranged in shape of a holl______sphere (Discovered 1985) In a Nanotube, carbon atoms are arranged in the shape of a long, hollow cylinder (Discovered in 1991). Nanotubes are tiny, light, flexible and extremely stro_______ ow ng
What is made of carbon compounds? Cotton Shirt Shampoo Propane Meat Vegetable Paper
Which elements does hydrocarbon contain? Hydrocarbon is a compound that contains only elements hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons are flammable
What is a Isomer? Compounds that have the same chemical formula but different structural formulas are called isomers Butanes and isobutane have different melting points and boiling points
Double Bond Single bond hydrocarbons end in “-ane” like Propane Double Bond hydrocarbons end in “-ene” or “-yne” like Ethene.
Hydroxyl Group Hydroxyl group is a “OH” compound used for substitute for hydrogen atom in hydrocarbons Alcohol is a substituted hydrocarbon that contains one or more hydroxyl group Ethanol is produced natually by yeast when they consure sugar stored in corn, wheat and barley Methanol (poisonous) Ethanol
Polymers vs. Monomers Polymer: A very large molecule (millions of atoms) made of a chain of many smaller molecules. Monomer: Smaller molecule – the links that make up the chain
What are some natural Polymers?
What are some examples of Natural Polymers? Wool Cotton Silk DNA & RNA Protein Carbohydrates Starch
What are some man made Polymers?