PowerPoint 3: The Levels of Government

Levels of Government Canada is a very large country with national, regional and local needs and interests Our government structure is divided into different levels to handle certain responsibilities (federal, provincial, local) Each level has its own group of political representatives that are chosen by the people during elections

Federal The elected representative at the federal level is called a Member of Parliament (MP). There are 338 elected MPs. MPs debate and pass laws in the House of Commons in Ottawa. The leader of the government is called the prime minister. The Queen is represented by the governor general.

Provincial The elected representatives are called Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in Nova Scotia. The legislature has 51 elected MLAs. MLAs debate and pass laws at the House of Assembly in Halifax. The leader of the government is called the premier. The Queen is represented by the lieutenant governor.

Municipal The elected representative at the municipal level is called a councillor. The head of the council is called a mayor or warden. Municipal councils debate and pass laws at the local or city town hall. The size and structure of the council differs depending on the population it represents.

Indigenous Governments Municipal/Local Indigenous Governments The elected representative at the municipal level is usually called a councillor. Municipal councils debate and pass laws at the local or city town hall. The head of the council is called a mayor or reeve. The size and structure of the council differs, depending on the population. Indigenous communities or First Nations reserves have their own governments which exercise a greater control or share certain responsibilities with the provincial/territorial or federal government. The term self-government refers to a First Nation, Métis or Inuit community with control over its own affairs. Self‑governing First Nations have the ability to sign treaties (formal agreements) and comprehensive land claims agreements (modern treaties).

Division of Responsibilities Federal: Global affairs, immigration and citizenship, national defence, currency, public safety, fisheries and oceans Provincial: Education, health care, natural resources, transportation and infrastructure Municipal: Animal control, water and sewers, parks and recreation, libraries, local utilities

Final Thoughts How does government affect your life? Which level of government affects your life the most? Why? Why is it important to know who your local elected representative is?