The politics of accountability IHEID-DESCO “Executive Master en Políticas y Prácticas del Desarrollo Módulo 1: “Políticas y prácticas de desarrollo en el marco de la globalización” Lima, 9-10 de agosto de 2016 The politics of accountability Guillaume Fontaine, Esther Sánchez, Marco Córdova y Susan Velasco FLACSO Ecuador/Departamento de Asuntos Públicos

1. Introduction: Why bother about accountability? Democracy, participation and social control Is it worth it? Ideas and institutions in policy change Causal mechanism Organization Theoretical literature on accountability Methods Case study

2. Theoretical discussion Accountability Vertical and horizontal Philosophical traditions (liberal, republican and democratic) Enforcement and answerability Social accountability Four kinds of accountability Electoral democratic control Non-electoral democratic control Horizontal control through balanced agencies Horizontal control through dedicated agencies

3. Methods Case selection Indigenous rights to previous consultation International legal instruments Competing explanations Demographic hypothesis Economic hypothesis Sociological hypothesis Process tracing Three orders of change in policy aims and means Policy instruments of accountability

4. Case study Third order change Constitutional reforms in Colombia and Ecuador Second-order change NATO First-order change Social conflicts Causal mechanism Non-electoral democratic control Constitutional and institutional reform Policy design Instruments calibration Long-term policy implementation

5. Conclusion: Accountability as a policy problem Procedural instruments Three modalities Vertical electoral Horizontal intrastate Non-electoral democratic Consistency and irreversibility

Gracias por su atención Guillaume Fontaine gfontaine@flacso.edu.ec