Earthquake Properties Section 12-1 p. 294-297

2011 Japanese Earthquake – 9.0 first 2 segments http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/E7574193-5BBA-4F9C-B5FC-A7D9B683A4FF

Reading Page 295 Notes on page 47 Popper activity

Check out the world’s latest earthquakes here http://earthquake. usgs Check out the world’s latest earthquakes here http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/ Which area seems to have the most earthquakes?

Elastic Rebound Geologists think that earthquakes are a result of elastic rebound. Watch this video to gain an understanding of what happens: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zGcnUUaYXv4 Use the poppers to demonstrate the concept of elastic rebound.

Anatomy of an Earthquake the point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus where an earthquake originates Seismic Waves the energy rocks release as they slip into new positions

video on epicenter and focus and faults http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/5D4E8DED-8433-452F-A3E4-D8E2D05E55FC

Seismic Waves – second part of PowerPoint . Seismic Waves – second part of PowerPoint

Earthquakes form 2 types of seismic waves Seismic Waves- energy that travels by vibrations through the Earth caused by an earthquake 1. Body waves 2. Surface waves

Body waves travel through the body of a medium (material). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gl4FvHKzAlU Body waves travel through the body of a medium (material). Two types: 1. P waves (primary waves) 2. S waves (secondary waves)

P Waves (Primary Waves) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7NqmHtIjCJ0 * Fastest - travel two times faster than S waves* First to be detected * Can travel through solids, liquids, & gases

S Waves (Secondary Waves) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yOGoKCK17a4&index=4&list=PL9AC95ABE68FEB57E * Second fastest * Arrive after P waves * Can ONLY travel through solids

How do waves help scientists understand the Earth layers? - 3 shadow zone video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7QqrFkiE7g&index=4&list=PL3AD0854B2FFC17CE

The waves that you pretend to be come from earthquakes! Lets stand in a row and pretend we are various seismic waves traveling through the Earth! The waves that you pretend to be come from earthquakes!

Video on waves http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/5D4E8DED-8433-452F-A3E4-D8E2D05E55FC

Surface Waves Travel along the surface of a medium (material), rather than through the middle. - Although surface waves are the slowest moving, they may cause the most damage during an earthquake.

* Cause rock to move side-to-side in a zig-zag pattern 1. Rayleigh Waves *Cause ground to move in an elliptical, rolling motion 2. Love Wave * Cause rock to move side-to-side in a zig-zag pattern https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4gnO0tSXYk&index=2&list=PL3AD0854B2FFC17CE

I remember the names of the various seismic waves with the following saying: P.S. Rayleigh I Love You!

Warning and Predictions Currently: there is no reliable way to predict exactly when or where an earthquake will occur Scientists Study: 1. Past earthquakes 2. Foreshocks 3. Changes in Rocks 4. Seismic Gaps Even the best predictions may be off by several years.  Seismic Gap-an area along a fault where few earthquakes have recently occurred, but where strong earthquakes have happened in the past.