Question of the day What have you discovered about your philosopher so far?

Question of the day Define industrialization. the large-scale introduction of manufacturing, advanced technical enterprises, and other productive economic activity into an area, society, country, etc.

Effects of Industrialization 11.2.1: Understand the effect of industrialization on living and working conditions, including the portrayal of working conditions and food safety in Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle

Industrialization United States experienced a huge expansion due to growing urban population (cheap labor and new market for goods)

Brooklyn Bridge, NYC – 1883: a symbol of America’s transition from a rural to an industrial nation

Impact of industry was uneven: few rich but many poor

Effects on Living Conditions

Industrial jobs drew immigrants and rural Americans to cities.

As cities became overcrowded, problems arose, such as inadequate housing, poor transportation, crime and lack of clean water and sanitation.

Tenements

Multifamily tenements became overcrowded Multifamily tenements became overcrowded. They were unsanitary and lacked light and ventilation.

Sanitation Horse manure, sewage in gutters, factories spewed foul smoke into the air, garbage in the streets, ongoing challenges

Effects on Living Conditions Industrial jobs drew immigrants and rural Americans to cities. As cities became overcrowded, problems arose, such as inadequate housing, poor transportation, crime and lack of clean water and sanitation. Multifamily tenements became overcrowded. They were unsanitary and lacked light and ventilation.

New York City You are a poor immigrant that has moved to New York City New York City You are a poor immigrant that has moved to New York City. Write a brief letter home to explain the living conditions you are experiencing.

Effects on Working Conditions

Factory employees worked 12 or more hours a day, six days a week, for low wages. Much of the work was repetitive and tedious.

Many factories were poorly ventilated, and employees often worked with dangerous machinery. Long hours and unsafe conditions led to health problems and accidents.

Workers in sweatshops, or workshops in tenement buildings, worked long hours without breaks and earned the lowest wages.

Women earned significantly less than men.

Child Labor was common because all family members had to work to make ends meet. In 1890, there were 1.5 million workers under 15.

Many children were injured or experienced stunted growth because of the hard work.

A typical workweek Steel mills demanded a 7 day work week Factory workers – 12 hrs a day, 6 days a wk No vacation, sick leave, unemployment compensation or reimbursement for injuries By 1882, 675 workers died each week Everybody had to work even as young as 5 years old 27 cents a day for children $267 per year for women $498 per year for men

Effects on Working Conditions Factory employees worked 12 or more hours a day, six days a week, for low wages. Much of the work was repetitive and tedious. Many factories were poorly ventilated, and employees often worked with dangerous machinery. Long hours and unsafe conditions led to health problems and accidents. Workers in sweatshops, or workshops in tenement buildings, worked long hours without breaks and earned the lowest wages. Women earned significantly less than men. Child labor was common because all family members had to work to make ends meet. In 1890, there were 1.5 million workers under 15. Many children were injured or experienced stunted growth because of the hard work.

Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle Novel that exposed the poor working conditions of immigrants in the slaughterhouses of Chicago. The public, however, reacted most strongly to the description of the revolting way that the meat was processed.

Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle Portrayed the following conditions in the meat packing industry Workers walking and spitting on meat left on the floor Rats running over the meat and leaving their droppings Poison bread (to kill the rats) and dead rats thrown in with the meat to be processed

Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle Led to a federal investigation of the meat packing industry and ultimately to the passing of the Meat Inspection Act in 1906.

Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle Novel that exposed the poor working conditions of immigrants in the slaughterhouses of Chicago. The public, however, reacted most strongly to the description of the revolting way that the meat was processed. Portrayed the following conditions in the meat packing industry Workers walking and spitting on meat left on the floor Rats running over the meat and leaving their droppings Poison bread (to kill the rats) and dead rats thrown in with the meat to be processed Led to a federal investigation of the meat packing industry and ultimately to the passing of the Meat Inspection Act in 1906.

Using three complete sentences, describe the working conditions during the industrial era.