Patients Receiving Prebiotics and Probiotics Before Liver Transplantation Develop Fewer Infections Than Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis  Tarek Sawas, Shadi Al Halabi, Ruben Hernaez, William D. Carey, Won Kyoo Cho  Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology  Volume 13, Issue 9, Pages 1567-1574.e3 (September 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.05.027 Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Flow chart of literature review. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015 13, 1567-1574.e3DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2015.05.027) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Forest plot of infection rates with probiotics compared with the control group. The relative risk and 95% confident interval are shown. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015 13, 1567-1574.e3DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2015.05.027) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Forest plot of mean difference and inverse variance (IV) in (A) hospital length of stay, (B) ICU length of stay, and (C) antibiotic duration. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015 13, 1567-1574.e3DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2015.05.027) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Forest plot of controlled trials of probiotics vs control in liver transplant: effect on acute graft rejection. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015 13, 1567-1574.e3DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2015.05.027) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Supplementary Figure 1 Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015 13, 1567-1574.e3DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2015.05.027) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Supplementary Figure 2 Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015 13, 1567-1574.e3DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2015.05.027) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions