Americas Mayan & Moche 600 BCE-600 CE

Key Concept 2.2 The Development of States and Empires The number and size of imperial societies grew dramatically by imposing political unity on areas where previously there had been competing states. E. Mesoamerica: Teotihuacan, Maya city-states F. Andean South America: Moche III. Imperial societies displayed unique social and economic dimensions. A. Cities served as centers of trade, public performance of religious rituals, and as political administration for states and empires

Mayans In the Yucatan Peninsula (modern Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize) Built of Olmec foundations Constructed ceremonial centers around 2000 BCE Between 300 BCE-300 CE they expanded their centers Classical Age: 300-600 CE

Mayan Classical Age Full cities Monumental architecture Extensive sacrifices Created 3 calendars Hierglyphics Kings were shamans Bridged spiritual world with this world

Tikal Largest and completely excavated Mayan city Built between 300 to 800 CE 5 temple pyramids 200 feet high 1000 square miles 360,000 people

Mayan Religion Create myth: The Popol Vuh Similar to the creation myths of Adam and Eve The tree is forbidden b/c the skull of a god was in it A young woman tried to eat from the tree The skull spit on her and made her pregnant

Mayan City-States 30,000-50,000 people At the height there were around 60 city-states No one knows why they ended Overpopulation led to agricultural problems Climate changes Excessive warfare Last Mayan city was built around 1263-1283 When the Spanish showed up in 1517, only a few Mayan cities remained

Teotihuacan Established around 100 BCE and was sacked and burned around 550 CE Contained multi-family compound housing Supported a population of 125,000 or more Not sure which ethnic group built it and it may have been multi-ethnic Aztecs felt that the gods created the universe at this site Served as a cultural and religious center, but was never a political center

Civilizations of South America Chavin: 1200 BCE- 200 BCE Moche: 200 BCE-600 CE Nazca: ?- 600 CE Tiwanaku: 200 CE- 1200 CE Huari: 650 CE0 800 CE Chimu: 600 CE- 1470 CE Inca: 1476 CE- 1543 CE

Chavin (review) N. Peru Farming society Different regional groups Main town was probably a pilgrimage site

Moche 200 BCE- 600 CE Northern Peru 2000 separate settlements Created irrigation systems Royal tombs show social classes Lord, buried in shrouds and covered in jewels Surrounded by servants and animals Llamas, a dog, and a snake Paintings show priests in warfare and performing human sacrifices on the prisoners Moche left around 600 CE and no one knows why