Unit 3: What's wrong with Lilly DeLeiph? Do Now: We know that Lilly’s cells are not able to produce enough energy. Could it be possible that her cells are not receiving the materials they need to make energy!? We will start our case study by investigating this question. First, we must brainstorm: What materials might Lilly’s cells need to survive and make energy?

Substances Cells Need:

Substances are transported across the cell membrane Cell membrane is the barrier that separates the cell from the outside world, anything that needs to be transported in comes across the cell membrane. The cell membrane determines what can enter or exit and what cant

Types of Passive Transport Diffusion: materials move from areas of HIGH concentration to areas of LOW concentration. No energy is required!!

Diffusion Concentration inside the cell: ______ Concentration outside the cell: ______

Molecules must be the same type! Diffusion

Molecules must be the same type! Diffusion

Dye Demo Do you think the dye molecules are moving by diffusion? Why or why not?

Types of Passive Transport Osmosis: diffusion of water. H2O moves from areas of HIGH concentration to areas of LOW concentration. No energy is required!!

TYPES OF SOLUTIONS Cause Water to move There are 3 types of solutions a cell can be exposed to. Isotonic Hypertonic Hypotonic

Facilitated Diffusion: Facilitated diffusion is diffusion through transport proteins. Some molecules cannot easily diffuse across the cell membrane.

Types of Transportation Active Transport: materials move from areas of LOW concentration to areas of HIGH concentration. Requires Energy (ATP)!!

Concentration inside the cell: ______ Active Transport Concentration inside the cell: ______ Concentration outside the cell: ______

Types of Active Transport Sodium-Potassium (Na+/K-) Pump occurs through transport protein pumps. Cells use active transport to maintain homeostasis

Types of Active Transport 1. Endocytosis is the process of taking material into the cell. 2. Exocytosis is the process of expelling material from the cell.

Why Does Active Transport Require ATP (Energy)? Transport proteins on the cell membrane use ATP to pump materials across the cell membrane!

What PROCESS is depicted here? Explain. Transport Protein

Partner Practice Which side has a higher concentration? In which direction will the substance naturally move? (Draw an arrow in the diagram to indicate this) What is this process called?___________________

2. The diagram below shows two different kinds of substances, A and B, entering a cell. ATP is most likely being used for substance A to enter the cell (2) substance B to enter the cell (3) both substances to enter the cell (4) neither substance to enter the cell

Today’s Findings FACT: all gasses enter cells by diffusion. When there is a low concentration of a gas in the cell, the gas can “float” in by diffusion. Based on this fact do you think Lilly’s cells are unable to transport oxygen? Why or why not?

Today’s Findings Lilly’s cells should be receiving oxygen because it enters naturally by diffusion.

Substances Lilly’s cells might need: Today’s Findings Substances Lilly’s cells might need: Oxygen Water Glucose _____________