Exploring Strategies for Recognition and Management of Lower Limb Spasticity in Children

Introduction

Catch and Release

The Impact of Spasticity

Spasticity Pathophysiology

Causes of Spasticity

Spasticity Epidemiology and Implications

Patient Example

Implications of Spasticity

The Process of Movement

Diagnosis

Patient MRI

Quantifying Spasticity

Patient Example

Limitations of Assessment Scales

Treatment Decisions

Effect of Nonpharmacologic Therapy

Treatment Options

Oral Agents

ITB

Patient Example

Alcohol/Phenol Injections

BoNTs

Patient Example

BoNTs: Cautions

Muscle Localization

Therapeutic Timing and Selection

Conclusions

Abbreviations

Abbreviations (cont)