Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment.

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Presentation transcript:

Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment

Community

BIOTIC FACTORS ABIOTIC FACTORS

Polar Zone TROPICAL ZONE SUNLIGHT Polar Zone TEMPERATE ZONE EQUATOR 0° SUNLIGHT 23.5°S TEMPERATE ZONE 66.5°S 90°S Polar Zone

ENERGY FLOW Nutrients returned back to soil Photosynthesis Plants Heterotrophs TERTIARY CONSUMERS DECOMPOSERS (Fungi, Bacteria) SECONDARY CONSUMERS (Carnivores, Omnivores) PRIMARY CONSUMERS (Herbivores) AUTOTROPHS/PRODUCERS Nutrients returned back to soil Photosynthesis Plants Algae Chemosynthetic bacteria Chemosynthesis

Food Chain: The series of steps in which the organisms transfer energy by eating and by being eaten

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID TROPHIC LEVELS

Energy flow is one directional (Producers to consumers) Only 10 % of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the other

10 Kcal 0.1 % 100 Kcal 1 % 1,000 Kcal 10 % 10,000 Kcal 100 % ENERGY PYRAMID 10 Kcal 0.1 % 100 Kcal 1 % 1,000 Kcal 10 % 100 % 10,000 Kcal

Pyramid of Numbers

BIOMASS PYRAMID