WELCOME BACK

The normal rate of forgetting new information is broadly 80% in 24 hours (red line). The easiest way to keep high levels of recall is through persistent use of re cap. Eventually this new information becomes hardwired to the brain.

Edgar Dale’s Cone of Learning

THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR Lobj: to understand what the Cold War was and consider who was to blame for starting it.

WHEN YOU THINK OF WAR – WHAT DO YOU THINK OF? Write down 5 ideas

All of those ideas are not true of this war.... The Cold War was a conflict between the two Super Power countries of the time – USA & Russia (USSR) This conflict never broke out into fighting (a hot war) But..both sides used every weapon short of actual warfare to attack each other (verbal, competitions etc)

What was the U.S.S.R. or Soviet Union? The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (also known as the U.S.S.R. or Soviet Union for short) consisted of Russia and.... Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Moldovia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan.

C.C.C.P ? THE SAME THING – USSR, SOVIET UNION OR CCCP In Russian the CCCP is Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик

WHY? The sides (USA v USSR) believed in running their countries in different ways: These ideas are called an IDEOLOGY

COMMUNISM - USSR A one party state (Communists) No free elections All industry & agriculture was state owned Led by Joseph Stalin – a totalitarian dictator Labour camps

CAPITALISM – USA & GB Democratic – people can vote for more than one political party Industry & agriculture were in private ownership and ran for PROFIT

USSR v USA USSR believed the USA wanted to destroy Communism USA believed the USSR wanted to make the world Communist – they were worried something called the Domino theory

THE END OF WW2 & THE BEGINNING OF THE COLD WAR Before WW2 ended the ‘big 3’ met together: Yalta Potsdam There were open tensions and disagreements There were Communist governments coming to power in Eastern Europe – with help from Stalin

YALTA – Feb 1945 Churchill (GB) Roosevelt (USA) Stalin (Russia)

Tensions grow 1946 – Churchill said that these Communist Eastern Europe Governments were an IRON CURTAIN between the democratic West and Communist East Stalin regarded this as a declaration of War

Tensions grow Even though the USA possessed the atomic bomb and the better army, President Truman decided he had to CONTAIN Communism 1948 + gave away lots of money to help Western Europe recover from WW2 and stay away from Communism Stalin made the Communist countries join his own ‘club’ - Cominform

The Cold War 1947 – 48 : Stalin tried to cut off West Berlin from the West – and GB & USA had to supply Berlin by air Almost led to nuclear war Korean War (1950-53) made war even closer – by then the USSR had the atomic bomb

THE ATOMIC & HYDROGEN BOMBS These bombs STRANGELY made the world safer Neither side would use them – in case of nuclear retaliation Could mean both countries wiped out Theory was called MAD – Mutually Assured Destruction