Focus: 9/30 In 1815, Germany was divided into several different states. The rise of nationalism, due to the conquests of Napoleon, led the German people to cry for unification. These cries were ignored by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Point for Discussion: Explain why the conquests of Napoleon would lead to the rise of nationalism. Critical Lens: Outside invasions or attacks serve to unify a nation. Term to Know: Annex

Building A German Nation

Building A German Nation Napoleon’s advances in early 1800s sparks German nationalism

Building A German Nation Congress of Vienna – Metternich opposes German nationalist demands in order to keep Germany weak and divided

Building A German Nation 1830s – Prussia creates economic union among German states called the Zollverein

Building A German Nation 1848 – Liberals meeting at Frankfurt Assembly offer throne to William Fredrick II, but he refuses

Building A German Nation Otto Von Bismarck becomes chancellor of Prussia and uses policy of “iron and blood” to unite German states under Prussian rule

Point for Discussion: Why is nationalism a strong unifying force? Focus 10/20 In 1862, Otto von Bismarck was appointed chancellor of Prussia. Over the next ten years, Bismarck guided the German states towards unification. Bismarck believe4d the only way to achieve German unification was through a policy he called "Blood and Iron." Point for Discussion: Why is nationalism a strong unifying force? Critical Lens: Feelings of nationalism can be manipulated by an admired figure.  Term to Know: Prestige

Building A German Nation Bismarck was a master of Realpolitik, realistic policies based on needs of the state.

Building A German Nation

Building A German Nation “For the state, in contrast to the individual, self-preservation is the supreme law. The state must survive at any price; it can not go into the poorhouse, it cannot beg, it cannot commit suicide; in short, it must take wherever it can find the essentials of life.”

Building a German Nation Bismarck’s success in creating German unity was due in part to his ability to manipulate others.

Building a German Nation Ignoring Liberal opposition, Bismarck built up the Prussian army

Building a German Nation Danish War 1864 Austro-Prussian War 1866 - Franco-Prussian War 1870

Building A German Nation William I became the first Kaiser of Germany’s Second Reich

Building A German Nation The constitution of the Second Reich set up a two-house legislature that was far from democratic - The Reichstag – elected through universal male suffrage - The Bunderest – appointed by rulers of German States