Chapter Ten Introduction

Important Page Numbers 209-211, 213 215-216 218-223 228-231

Rupert’s Land 7,770,000km of land around Hudson Bay Charles II of England gave the Hudson Bay Company a monopoly on Rupert’s Land in 1670 The monopoly would last until the creation of the Northwest Company 1870 – Manitoba created on part of Rupert’s Land

Lord Selkirk Scottish Earl (noble) Asked the British government for a land grant for the Red River area, but was turned down He bought shares of HBC with Alexander Mackenzie (explorer) and he got control of the HBC He finally got 300,000km land grant in the valley of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers, which is in present day Manitoba

Selkirk Settlers 1812 – first 80 Scottish settlers came to the Red River Tough winter, but the Métis helped them survive 1813 – many more settlers poured into the Red River area This area was Northwest Company trading area and Métis area, and they had growing concerns 1814 – Governor Miles MacDonnell (my ancestor), made the Pemmican Proclamation, which meant that food could not be taken or sold outside the Red River area. This angered the Métis, who traded Pemmican to the Northwest Company fur traders

Seven Oaks incident Governor of Rupert’s land sent soldiers to break up a Métis blockade of Fort Douglas One Métis and several Selkirk settlers were killed in the fight at Seven Oaks (group of trees close to the fort) By 1815, only 60 settlers remained