Transport

Transport Title the next blank page in your notebook: Make sure you put it in your table of contents Underneath the title write: EQ: How do cells contain homeostasis?

Room Spray activity In your journal answer the following question: Explain how students on the opposite side of the room were able to smell the spray.

How does the cell membrane regulate what enters and leaves the cell? Semi-permeable – lets some things in and out of the cell, but not all things Passive Transport – does NOT require energy Active Transport – does require energy (ATP)

What is a solution? A solution is a homogeneous (all the same) mixture of 2 or more substances

What makes up a solution? The solute is the substance being dissolved (disappearing into) the liquid The solvent is the liquid that does the dissolving In living organisms, water is always the solvent

Examples of Solutions Salt water is a solution Koolaid is a solution What is the solute? What is the solvent? Koolaid is a solution Can you think of another solution?

What is concentration? Concentration is the amount of solute that is dissolved in the solvent (water) 12% solution = 12% solute and 88% solvent Concentration is increased by adding more solute to the solution Concentration is decreased by adding more solvent to the solution

How do particles want to move? Particles want to move from a HIGH concentration to a LOW concentration Particles travel across a concentration gradient Concentration gradient = where the concentration of something changes

Cellular Transport Foldable While holding the paper in Landscape orientation, fold your sheet of paper along the long edge (hot dog) but leave about 1cm (one finger width) at the bottom of the page

Cellular Transport Foldable Write “Cellular Transport” at the bottom of the page (the 1cm section)

Cellular Transport Foldable Open the page back up

Cellular Transport Foldable   Cellular Transport Fold the page along the short edge, BUT JUST crease the upper portion in half (crease down the blue line)

Cellular Transport Foldable Fold each edge into the middle upper fold you just made and crease only in the upper section again

Cellular Transport Foldable Cut along the blue lines in the picture so that you have 4 flaps

Cellular Transport Foldable Simple Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Osmosis Active Transport Cellular Transport Label the outside flaps with “Simple Diffusion”, “Osmosis”, “Facilitated Diffusion”, and “Active Transport”

Picture for Simple Diffusion (Inside Upper Flap) Draw this picture on the upper inside flap for simple diffusion

Simple Diffusion (Inside Lower Flap) Diffusion – ALWAYS moves solutes from HIGH concentration -> LOW concentration (down the concentration gradient) Allows molecules to move through the membrane without help NEVER needs energy (ATP)

Simple Diffusion (Inside Lower Flap) Examples: Perfume/cologne will diffuse through the entire room when someone sprays it If the room catches on fire, the students will diffuse from inside (high concentration) to outside (low concentration) A child going down a slide is like moving down the concentration gradient

Picture for Facilitated Diffusion (Inside Upper Flap) Draw this picture on the upper inside flap for facilitated diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion (Inside Lower Flap) Facilitated diffusion – ALWAYS moves from HIGH concentration -> LOW concentration (down the concentration gradient) REQUIRES a helper transport protein to get solute molecules across the membrane NEVER needs energy (ATP)

Facilitated Diffusion (Inside Lower Flap) Solute molecules are either too BIG or too HYDROPHILIC to cross the membrane Transport proteins act as a tunnel for solutes to travel through

Picture for Osmosis (Inside Upper Flap) Draw this picture on the upper inside flap for osmosis

Osmosis (Inside Lower Flap) Osmosis = movement of WATER across a membrane ALWAYS moves from HIGH concentration to LOW concentration (down the concentration gradient) NEVER needs energy

Osmosis (Inside Lower Flap) REQUIRES a helper transport protein to get WATER across the membrane Water molecules are not easy to move across a membrane but ALL CELLS NEED WATER

Picture for Active Transport (Inside Upper Flap) Draw these 2 pictures on the upper inside flap for active transport

Active Transport (Inside Lower Flap) ALWAYS moves from LOW concentration -> HIGH concentration (AGAINST the concentration gradient) ALWAYS requires energy (ATP) and a helper transport protein to get solutes across the membrane 2 types: Endocytosis – cell takes in particles Exocytosis – cell pushes particles out

Active Transport (Inside Lower Flap) EX: If a club (cell) is full and a person (solute) wants to try and get in they have to PAY (ATP) the bouncer (protein) to get in ONLY ONE THAT REQUIRES ENERGY

Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable While holding the paper in Landscape orientation, fold your sheet of paper along the long edge (hot dog) but leave about 1cm (one finger width) at the bottom of the page

Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable Write “Tonic Solution Concentration” at the bottom of the page (the 1cm section)

Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable Open the page back up

Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable Fold the page into thirds along the short edge, BUT JUST crease the upper portion in half (crease down the blue line)

Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable Cut along the blue lines in the picture so that you have 3 flaps

Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic Tonic Solution Concentration Label the outside flaps with “Hypertonic”, “Isotonic”, and “Hypotonic”

Picture for Hypertonic solution (Upper Inside Flap) Draw this picture on the upper inside flap for hypertonic

Hypertonic Solution (Lower Inside Flap) Hyper = little kids are hyper = small A hypertonic environment is a higher concentration than the cell Water will leave the cell Animal cells will shrivel, may die Plant cells plasmolyze and are likely to die

Picture for Isotonic Solution (Upper Inside Flap) Draw this picture on the upper inside flap for isotonic

Isotonic Solution (Lower Inside Flap) Iso= same An isotonic environment is the same concentration as the cell No net movement of water Animal cells are at equilibrium (same) Plant cells are flaccid (limp)

Picture for Hypotonic Solution (Upper Inside Flap) Draw this picture on the upper inside flap for hypotonic

Hypotonic Solution (Lower Inside Flap) Hypo = hippo = big/fat A hypotonic environment is a lower concentration than the cell Water will come into the cell Animal cells will swell and may lyse (burst) Plant cells are turgid (happy) with pressure against the cell wall

Example Which way is CO2 going to move? Which way is O2 going to move? Which way is glucose going to move? 3 CO2 50 O2 70 Glucose 45 CO2 20 O2 70 Glucose

Transport Cards Make this chart in your notes: Environment Cell # A Glucose Movement? Type of environment: B Oxygen C CO2 D

Transport Cards You will be working in groups of 2 or 3 You will pick 3 different cells out of your pile and write the number on each column Pull out the 4 environment cards Say which way things are moving for each cell Is it in a hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic environment?