Covering the Cover Gastroenterology Anson W. Lowe, Richard H. Moseley  Gastroenterology  Volume 148, Issue 2, Pages 265-268 (February 2015) DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.019 Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Creation of a 3-cm flap valve, 180°–270° in circumference. Gastroenterology 2015 148, 265-268DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.019) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Paradigm for roles of HLSECs in HCV entry, uptake, recognition, translation, and replication. HCV is pinocytosed and viral RNA is translated within HLSECs. HLSECs respond with production of type I/III IFNs and ISGs activation. This enhanced antiviral state contributes to prevention of new infection within HLSECs, ie, “viral repulsion” and inhibition of viral replication within hepatocytes. HLSECs supernatants, in addition to stimulating STAT1, induce up-regulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) that may counter-regulate the antiviral response in hepatocytes. Exosomes produced by HLSECs after stimulation with either type I/III IFNs have antiviral properties. Gastroenterology 2015 148, 265-268DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.019) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Serum amylase is higher in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) knockout mice with alcohol + palmitic acid-induced pancreatitis. Amylase is a biomarker of severity. Gastroenterology 2015 148, 265-268DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.019) Copyright © 2015 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions