Three-dimensional assessment of papillary muscle displacement in a porcine model of ischemic mitral regurgitation  Henrik Jensen, MD, PhD, Morten O. Jensen,

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Three-dimensional assessment of papillary muscle displacement in a porcine model of ischemic mitral regurgitation  Henrik Jensen, MD, PhD, Morten O. Jensen, PhD, Morten H. Smerup, PhD, Steffen Ringgaard, PhD, Thomas S. Sørensen, PhD, Niels T. Andersen, PhD, Per Wierup, MD, PhD, J. Michael Hasenkam, MD, PhD, DMSc, Sten L. Nielsen, MD, PhD, DMSc  The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  Volume 140, Issue 6, Pages 1312-1318 (December 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.12.042 Copyright © 2010 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Survival and inclusion. MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging; −FIMR, functional ischemic mitral regurgitation less than grade II; +FIMR, functional ischemic mitral regurgitation of at least grade II. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2010 140, 1312-1318DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.12.042) Copyright © 2010 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Three-dimensional morphology cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging coordinates for trigone, annulus, and papillary muscle positions (yellow arrows) were transferred to dedicated mathematic analysis software. Annular plane (green) was defined by trigones and least squares fit to annular hinge points. Anteroposterior plane (blue) was defined perpendicular to annular plane and passing through both trigones. Septolateral plane (yellow) was defined perpendicular to annular and anteroposterior planes and passing through point midway between trigones. Ptrig, Posterior trigone; Atrig, anterior trigone; PPM, posterior papillary muscle; APM, anterior papillary muscle. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2010 140, 1312-1318DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.12.042) Copyright © 2010 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Correlation between anterior to posterior papillary muscle (APM–PPM) distance and regurgitant volume (RegVol). Of all end-systolic papillary muscle position parameters, anterior to posterior papillary muscle distance showed strongest correlation with regurgitant volume. −FIMR, Functional ischemic mitral regurgitation less than grade II; +FIMR, functional ischemic mitral regurgitation of at least grade II. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2010 140, 1312-1318DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.12.042) Copyright © 2010 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions