What you need to know for the 3rd Nine Weeks SS QPA Geography Economics Government History & Culture

 

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Bolivia

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Brazil

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Colombia

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Haiti

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Cuba

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Mexico

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Panama

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Venezuela

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Amazon River

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Caribbean Sea

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Gulf of Mexico

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Pacific Ocean

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Panama Canal

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Andes Mountains

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Sierra Madre Mountains

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Atacama Desert

Latin America: air pollution in Mexico city Causes: Mexico City is over-crowded, there are thousands of factories and over 3 million cars, geography of the city (Mexico City lies in a bowl-shaped valley that traps air pollution) Impacts: The air is bad, hazy pollution, smog, people have breathing problems

Latin America: Deforestation in the Amazon Causes: People can get money by clearing the forest and selling the timber, they use chain saws and bulldozers to clear large areas of the rain forest Impacts: Negative: loss of homes for animals, less oxygen

Latin America: Oil pollution in Venezuela Causes: Venezuela is one of the largest producers of oil in the world and the money from oil sales accounts for about half the money received by the government of Venezuela Impacts: The water is polluted because of oil spills and tanker leaks, fisherman suffer, health problems occur, the environment suffers

Latin America: Where do most Latin Americans live Most people in Latin America live along the coast because it promotes trade with other countries and allows easy access for trade Mexico – people live in the big cities for jobs Venezuela – along the coast because that’s where the jobs are Brazil – 80 percent of the population live along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean

Economies: Command Government planning groups make the basic economic decisions The government determines such things as which goods and services to produce, the prices, and wage rates Individuals and corporations do not own businesses or farms themselves Cuba is a country that has a centralized command economy Cuba’s government owns all factories and most farms

Economies: Market In a market economy decisions are guided by changes in prices that occur between individual buyers and sellers in the marketplace Each business or farm decides what it wants to produce Mexico and Canada are examples of countries with a market economy – individuals and corporations own most of the businesses and farms, the government provides some laws to make sure that businesses run smoothly and fairly

Economics: Traditional The customs and habits of the past are used to decide what and how goods will be produced, distributed, and consumed

Economics: Specialization The division of labor, work is divided into parts for workers, factories, or countries to become expert at producing certain goods When specialization occurs, factories can produce more goods in less time for less money

Economics: NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement This agreement took away all tariffs on goods traded among the three countries (Canada, USA, and Mexico) A large free trade zone would lead to an increase in trade among the three countries Many people feared NAFTA because companies would move their factories to Mexico because labor costs were lower there resulting in a loss of jobs for Americans

Government: Brazil The government of Brazil is a federal government Power is divided between the central government and the state and local governments Brazil is a presidential democracy The citizens elect the president There are many political parties

Government: Mexico The government of Mexico is a federal government (power is divided between central and state governments) Power is divided between the central government and the state and local governments Mexico is a presidential democracy The citizens elect the president There are many political parties

Government: Cuba Unitary Government Power is held by a strong central government Communist dictatorship Citizens have few freedoms Only one legal political party The head of the government has unlimited power

History: Latin America The Spanish and the Portuguese conquered the indigenous people of Latin America and spread their language and religion Portuguese is the official language of Brazil because Portugal ruled Brazil from the 1500’s until 1822

Advantages the Spanish had over the Native Americans CAM PIA HAWD Advantages the Spanish had over the Native Americans Pizarro Cortez H O R S E W A E R A M P O O R N S A T H U L P M O N T E Z U A I N C A A Z T E C DISEASES

Columbian Exchange Exchange of goods from old world to new world Impact on Indigenous Population: (HAWD) Europeans had better weapons and armor that were no match for the natives, Europeans brought over diseases that killed off most of the natives (Native Americans had no natural resistance to European diseases) Agricultural change: changed the use of the land, land was used for more farming because of the new crops brought over by the Europeans Introduction of the horse: helped travel, trade, and hunting

Toussaint L’Ouverture Black slaves in the French Caribbean colony of Saint- Dominique rebelled against their white masters in 1791. A gifted and educated slave named Toussaint L’Ouverture became their leader. He declared himself ruler of the region and freed all slaves. I1802, French troops arrive to reestablish control of the island. They arrest L’Ouverture and put him in a prison in France, where he eventually dies. The Haitian revolution is the only time in history that African slaves successfully rose up to overthrow their European captors.

History: Cuba Before the 1950s, American companies owned a large amount of land in Cuba In the late 1950s Fidel Castro became dictator and created a communist country Castro declared that all property that belonged to the Americans now belonged to the Cuban government All farms, factories, and businesses owned by Cubans also became government property Because of the harsh events by the Cuban government, the US placed an embargo on all Cuban goods The Soviet Union became friends and allies with Cuba Because of the harsh conditions of the communist government, many Cubans try to escape Cuba and enter the United States

1994-1996 Southern Mexico Fighting for the rights of the Chiapas Zapatistas Years 1994-1996 Location in Latin America Southern Mexico Causes & Issues Fighting for the rights of the Chiapas Wanted land (Land reform) Wanted education & healthcare Wanted to be treated equal Wanted their voice to be heard Wanted Respect Wanted out of poverty Impact on Chiapas have formed their own self-governing communities that include healthcare and education programs and small-scale cooperatives

Good Luck! This is your LAST QPA this year!!!