Skeletal System.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Skeletal System- Osseous Tissue & Skeletal Structure Chapter 5
Advertisements

Suzanne D'Anna1 The Skeletal System. Suzanne D'Anna2 Axial Skeletal System n 80 bones n forms longitudinal axis of the body - skull - cranial and facial.
Microscopic Structure of Bone. Osseous Tissue Another name for bone tissue Bone is a connective Tissue Widely spread cells Matrix: Water, Collagen Fibers,
The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system
Overview of the Skeleton
Skeletal System Study of system began in 2 nd century – Galen By 18 th century system was completely described.
SKELETAL SYSTEM Skeletal System. Support and movement Protection (brain, lungs) Mineral Storage of Calcium and Phosphate Red Blood Cell Production (long.
1 The Skeletal System. 2 Parts of the skeletal system – Bones – Joints – Ligaments – Cartilage Divided into two divisions – Axial – longitudinal axis.
Structure of long bone Bone contains neatly arranged matrix of protein (collagen) fibers along with water and mineral salts (calcium hydroxide & calcium.
CHAPTER 6-1 Bone connective tissue. “Objectives ” 1.Functions of the skeletal system 2.Classification of bones based on shape 3.General features of bone.
The skeletal system Structure and function of bone Organization of the skeleton Joints.
HAP Chapter 7.1 – 7.5 Notes. I. Introduction A. Living…not dead B. Functions… 1. structure 2. attachment for muscles 3. protection 4. produce blood cells.
Skeletal System Mr. Diaz VMHS Lecture 1. The Skeletal System ► Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints ► Cartilages  Ligaments ► Divided.
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into two divisions  Axial skeleton –
The Skeletal System. Slide 5.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)
The Skeletal System- Osseous Tissue & Skeletal Structure
DEVELOPMENT and GROWTH
Chapter 7 Bones. Bones… Bones are active tissues Classified as organs because they are made up of several different tissues Bone functions include: 1.muscle.
Chapter 6 Bone Tissue Dynamic and ever-changing throughout life
Skeletal System. Functions Support Protection Movement Storage Hemopoiesis.
SKELETAL TISSUE As an example of Connective Tissue.
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System. The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into.
Skeletal System Monday, October 12, 2015
Bone Function and Structure.  Histology of Bone Tissue  Bone Function and Structure  Bone Growth & Development  Joints  The Axial Skeleton  The.
The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into two divisions  Axial skeleton.
Bone Tissue. Support Provides attachment for tendons of skeletal muscles Provides attachment for tendons of skeletal muscles.
The Skeletal System Chapter 7a. Skeletal System Introduction Functions of the skeleton Framework of bones The skeleton through life.
Skeletal system: BONE & CARTILAGE Bpharm semester I lecture 2
The Skeletal System Chapter 6
6-1 Chapter 6 The Skeletal System:Bone Tissue Dynamic and ever-changing throughout life Skeleton composed of many different tissues –cartilage, bone tissue,
Anatomy & Physiology Ms. Figueroa Fall  Objectives: 1. Name 5 functions of the skeletal system 2. Describe the anatomy of a long bone 3. Describe.
The Skeletal System. Skeletal System Introduction Introduction Functions of the skeleton Functions of the skeleton Framework of bones Framework.
Human Anatomy Skeletal System. Functions Support: body structure and shape Protection for vital organs (brain, heart, etc.) Movement for attached skeletal.
NO BONES ABOUT IT! The Skeletal System Did you know?
Introduction to the Human Body Chapter 6
Microscopic Structure of Compact Bone
Introduction to the Skeletal System
The Skeletal System.
Functions of bone (skeleton)
The Skeletal System - HBS
The Skeletal System.
SKELETAL SYSTEM.
ANATOMY Dr . Saja Majid.
The Skeletal System Chapter 5 – Part 1
Skeletal System No bones about it!!!.
Osteology Study of bone structure and function Bones are organs
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System- Osseous Tissue & Skeletal Structure Chapter 5
Skeletal System No bones about it!!!.
Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System.
SKELETAL SYSTEM.
The Skeletal System.
Ch. 6/7/8 – The Skeletal System
Skeletal System 2013 JEOPARDY!! 
Figure 8.1 The human skeleton.
The Skeletal System.
Figure 6.1 The bones and cartilages of the human skeleton.
The Skeletal System.
Chap 7: The Skeletal System.
Bones Dr. Sama ul Haque.
Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System.
Macroscopic structure of bone
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System.
Histology of Bone & Ossification Vocab
Bones & Cartilage.
Presentation transcript:

Skeletal System

Functions Support Protection Assist in movement Mineral homeostasis Blood cell production (hemopoesis) Triglyceride storage

Bone Structure Diaphysis – (long, cylindrical, main portion of bone) Epiphysis – (distal and proximal ends of bone) Articular Cartilage – (thin layer of hyline cartilage covering the epiphysis where bones form articulation) Periosteum – (connective tissue that covers bone where there is no articular cartilage)

Bone structure continued Medullary cavity – ( space within diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow) Endosteum – ( lines medullary cavity and contains bone forming cells)

Composition of bone 25% water 25% Protein fibers 50% mineral salts

Histology of bone Bone cells

Osteogenic Cells Only bone cell that can undergo mitosis Develop into osteoblasts

Osteoblasts Bone building cells Secrete collagen and other organic components

Osteocytes Derived from osteoblasts Form when osteoblasts become entrapped in matrix secretions “House Keeping” cells

Osteoclasts Derived from white blood cells Maintain normal development, growth, maintenance, and repair of bone

Calcification or mineralization Mineral salts crystallize in the microscopic spaces between collagen fibers After spaces are filled, mineral crystals crystallize around collagen fibers Mineral salts include: Calcium phosphate and Calcium carbonate Collagen and mineral salts make bone rigid yet flexible

Compact bone tissue Haversian system (osteons) make up unit of compact bone Perforating canals allow blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves to penetrate bone tissue (run laterally) Central (Haversian) canals – Run longitudinally and connect to perforating canals Concentric Lamellae – Hard rings of bone matrix that form around central canals

Compact bone tissue continued Lacunae – Holes that contain osteocytes and are found in lamellae Canuliculi – Channels filled with extracellular fluid and projections of osteocytes which allow osteocytes to connect with each other and pass blood born nutrients and wastes)

Spongy bone Trabeculae – Irregular lattice of thin columns of bone Spaces between trabeculae are filled with marrow Makes up most of the tissue of short, flat, and irregular shaped bones; most of the epiphysis of long bones and lines diaphysis The spongy bone tissue in the hip bones, ribs, breastbone, backbones, and ends of long bones is the only sites of hemopoesis in adults

Endochondrial Ossification

Development of cartilage model Mesenchymal cells crowd together in shape of future bone Mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes

Growth of cartilage model Model grows in length by chondrocyte cell division More cartilage is secreted and chondrocytes die

Development of primary ossification Nutrient artery penetrates into model Osteoblasts move in from periosteum Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix over calcified cartilage forming spongy bone

Development of secondary ossification The hyaline cartilage of diaphysis is replaced by bone When nutrient artery penetrates into epiphysis secondary centers form

Formation of articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate Hyaline cartilage becomes articular cartilage Hyaline cartilage remains between diaphysis and epiphysis as epiphyseal plate which is responsible for lengthwise growth of long bones

Axial Skeleton Structure Number of bones Skull 1. Cranium 8 2. Face 14 Hyoid 1 Auditory ossicles 6 Vertabral column 26 Thorax 1. Sternum 1 2. ribs 24

Appendicular Skeleton Structure Number of bones Pectoral girdles 1. clavicle 2 2. scapula 2 Upper limbs 1. Humerus 2 2. Ulna 2 3. Radius 2 4. Carpals 16 5. metacarpals 10 6. Phalanges 28

Appendicular Skeleton continued Structure Number of bones Pelvic Girdle 1. Coxal bone 2 Lower limbs 1. Femur 2 2. Fibula 2 3. Tibia 2 4. patella 2 5. Tarsals 14 6. Metatarsals 10 7. Phalanges 28