ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS II PP. 435-439.

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Presentation transcript:

ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS II PP. 435-439

Stability and Change Change can be a healthy component of the ecosystem as long as an ecosystem is resilient (ability to recover) The resilience of an ecosystem depends on three factors: biodiversity, health, and disturbances

Biodiversity Biodiversity is a measure of the variety of organisms and genetic variation in a given area

PROPERTIES OF BIODIVERSITY Species Richness Species Evenness Genetic Diversity

Species Richness: the number of different types of species Varies with latitude (closer to equator the more species) More sun, better climate stability

2. Species evenness: the abundance of each type of species

Genetic variation: a variety of traits is important to withstand environmental change or disturbances within the ecosystem

Measuring biodiversity High richness + high evenness = High biodiversity High biodiversity = ↑ stability (ability to withstand disturbances in the ecosystem)

Include richness, evenness, genetic diversity Evolution!

5. Species- Areas Effect larger areas contain more species than smaller areas Islands closer to the mainland have more species than islands further away

Sites A, C, and D have more richness Sites A and C has the most evenness Which site has the highest biodiversity?

Threats to Biodiversity Evolution is the change in the traits of a population over (a very long) time due to environmental influence Change can be a healthy component of the ecosystem but also unhealthy when influenced by human impact Humans are changing the environment faster than the rate of evolution occurs

Currently in a period of high biodiversity Estimated by 2030, 20% of species will be gone Rainforest biome contains 1/5 of the world’s species but is quickly disappearing

ECOSYSTEM DESTRUCTION Loss of biodiversity results in community instability Biggest threat to biodiversity due to habitat destruction

Invasive species are the second largest threat An invasive species can out compete native species and often lack of natural predators in the area This can also cause a drastic change to the habitat EX. California Wildfires