The Romantic Period 1825-1900

MAP IN 1800

MAP IN 1900

Romantic Music: 1825-1900 Politically, there were many new small countries forming. Economically, it was becoming easier for the common people to rise to higher levels of society. Socially, those who were previously the “commoners” were no longer dependent on the nobility for employment. Politically there were many new small countries forming. They were proud of their land, proud of their heritage, and protective of their boundaries. Economically it was becoming easier for the common people to rise to higher levels of society. Exploration and trade were bringing wealth to many and factories were helping to employ others. Those who were previously the “commoners” were no longer dependent on the nobility for employment.

Music in Romantic Society The ability to make and control their own wealth allowed people to have money to use for entertainment. Concert halls made concert attendance available to the everyone. Composers no long had to write for the patron or the wealthy. They could write what the people wanted to hear.

Romantic Orchestra Woodwinds Brass 1–2 Piccolo 4–8 French horns 3–4 Flutes 3–6 Trumpets 3–4 Oboes 3–4 Trombones 3–4 Clarinets 1–2 Tubas of various kinds 0-4 Wagner tubas 3–4 Bassoons Contrabassoon Keyboards: piano, celesta 2 Harps What do you notice about this orchestra arrangement?

Romantic Orchestra Percussion Strings 4 or more Timpani 16 Violins 1 Snare drum 14 Violins 2 Bass drum 12 Violas Cymbals 12 Cellos Triangle 10 Double basses Tambourine Glockenspiel Xylophone Tubular bells What do you notice about this orchestra arrangement?

Wagner Tuba

The Romantic Period 1825-1900 Music of deep feeling Nationalism

The Romantic Period 1825-1900 Music that told stories Program Music

Virtuosity The Romantic Period 1825-1900 Music that gave performers a chance for exciting playing Virtuosity

For each composer --- You will need to know: His name His country of origin His nickname (if he has one) The name of a composition he wrote What kind of a music he wrote Virtuoso music Nationalistic music Program music

Virtuoso composers (pages 53-56) The first three composers we will talk about are virtuoso composers: Franz Liszt Frederick Francois Chopin Niccolo Paganini

Virtuosity Niccolo Paganini Born in Genoa, Italy on October 27, 1782 Died in Nice, France on May 27, 1840 Nicknamed “The Devil Himself” He was a virtuoso violinist.

Virtuosity Frederic Francois Chopin Born in Zelazowa Wola, Poland on March 1, 1810 Died in Paris, France on October 17, 1849 Nicknamed “The Poet of the Piano” He was a virtuoso pianist.

Virtuosity Franz Liszt Born in Raiding, Hungary on October 22, 1811 Died in Bayreuth, Germany on July 31, 1886 Nicknamed “The Lion of the Keyboard” He was a virtuoso pianist.

Franz Liszt

Franz Liszt Born in Raiding, Hungary on October 22, 1811 Died in Bayreuth, Germany on July 31, 1886 He was a virtuoso pianist and violinist

Franz Liszt

Franz Liszt

Franz Liszt

Franz Liszt Composition: Hungarian Rhapsody #2

“The Lion of the Keyboard”

Key Words for Liszt Esterhazy Salieri Czerny Paris Conservatory Father’s death Paganini and Chopin Priest Conservatory of Music in Budapest Pneumonia