Successful Performance of Cox-Maze Procedure on Beating Heart Using Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation: A Feasibility Study in Animals  Sydney L. Gaynor,

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Successful Performance of Cox-Maze Procedure on Beating Heart Using Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation: A Feasibility Study in Animals  Sydney L. Gaynor, MD, Yosuke Ishii, MD, Michael D. Diodato, MD, Sunil M. Prasad, MD, Kara M. Barnett, BS, Nicholas R. Damiano, Gregory D. Byrd, BS, Samuel A. Wickline, MD, Richard B. Schuessler, PhD, Ralph J. Damiano, MD  The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  Volume 78, Issue 5, Pages 1671-1677 (November 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.058

Fig 1 Cox-Maze lesion set. (IVC = inferior vena cava; Lt. = left; RF = radiofrequency; Rt. = right; SVC = superior vena cava.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 78, 1671-1677DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.058)

Fig 2 (Top) Right atrial free wall lesion. (Bottom) Superior vena cava lesion. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 78, 1671-1677DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.058)

Fig 3 Representative magnetic resonance image demonstrating right pulmonary vein patency (arrow) at 1 month after ablation with bipolar radiofrequency device. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 78, 1671-1677DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.058)

Fig 4 Magnetic resonance image of right coronary artery (arrow) at 1 month after ablation with bipolar radiofrequency device. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 78, 1671-1677DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.058)

Fig 5 Photomicrograph of ablated circumflex coronary artery 1 month after ablation with bipolar radiofrequency device. (Masson's trichrome stain, ×20 magnification.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 78, 1671-1677DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.058)

Fig 6 Photomicrograph of ablated coronary sinus 1 month after ablation by bipolar radiofrequency device. (Gomori's trichrome, ×20 magnification.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 78, 1671-1677DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.058)

Fig 7 Radiofrequency lesion crossing the posterior mitral valve leaflet. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 78, 1671-1677DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.058)