American Government Chapter 19 Section 1

First Amendment Freedoms Free Religion Free Speech Free Press Peaceful Assembly Petition for Redress of Grievances

Unalienable Rights Life Liberty Pursuit of Happiness (Property) Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson Inspired by John Locke

Civil Rights Found in Bill of Rights Specifically limited to those positive Government actions that guarantee individual freedoms Examples are each Civil Rights Act

Limits Clear and Present Danger National Security Schenk v. US National Security “The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theatre and causing a panic” – Oliver Wendell Holmes

Federalism and Civil Rights Some rights – National Only Some rights – State and Local Only Many rights – National, State, and Local Some rights – denied to States, but found in the Constitution Some rights – Found in State Constitutions

Amendment 14 “No State shall…deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law…”

Ninth Amendment Unenumerated Rights Rights not specified or spelled out are still retained by the people Even though the right is not spelled out or enumerated (listed), it still exists and is held by the people