Energy, Work & Power WORK.

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Presentation transcript:

Energy, Work & Power WORK

Work Defined as the amount of energy transferred to an object by a force over a distance. Calculated by: Joule (J): SI unit of work and energy. 1 Nm = 1 J Where: W=work (J) F = Force magnitude (N) ∆d= distance (m)

Work has signs! When work (or energy) is being put into a system, we say that it is positive work. When work (or energy) is being extracted from a system, we say that it is negative work.

Example #1 A toboggan carrying two children (mass = 60kg) is sliding on a snowy surface with a coefficient of friction of 0.11 and comes to a stop in 25m. Calculate the work done by the kinetic friction on the toboggan. What sign would this work have?

Work & Gravity To lift an object, an individual applies a force equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to that object’s weight. Recall: Eg.2: How much work is done to lift a 30kg object 3m into the air?

Work & Springs Springs exert a force which depends on the displacement of its end. How much it is either stretched, compressed or twisted. Since the force changes, we need a new approach since our equation works for constant force ONLY ( )

Example #3 Data for a spring is given to the right. Create a force vs. displacement graph Determine the work done to stretch the spring 0.2m. Determine the slope of the line of best fit. Displacement (m) Force (N) 0.1 5 0.2 10 0.3 15 0.4 20

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