Communities: Groups of populations interacting within the same habitat. Usually as feeding relationshipsflow of energy.

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Presentation transcript:

Communities: Groups of populations interacting within the same habitat. Usually as feeding relationshipsflow of energy.

Communities Within a community, species are identified based on their role within a community: niche 3 Major Niches Producers Consumers Decomposers

Producers: All autotrophs. These convert unusable energy(solar) into usable (chemical) energy via the process of photosynthesis. EX: all plants, algae, photosynthetic bacteria Note: chemosynthetic bacteria are producers for the communities where no sunlight penetrates around volcanic vents deep in the ocean

Consumers Consume energy by “eating/absorbing” other producers and consumers. All Heterotrophs are consumers Niches: Herbivores, Omnivores, Carnivores, Scavengers, Parasites, to name a few

Decomposers AKA: Detrivores Return organic matter to environment. Major decomposers are the bacteria and fungi However, some insects and organisms like earthworms can be considered decomposers

Relationships in Communities Food Chains: single feeding relationship.

Decomposition occurs at any level of the chain C,H,O,N,P Light energy Grass (Producer) Mouse (Primary Consumer) Fox (Secondary Consumer) Mountain Lion (Tertiary Consumer) Apex Carnivore Decomposition occurs at any level of the chain C,H,O,N,P Light energy Photosynthesis Chemical energy carbohydrates GREEN HORNET

Food Chains All food chains must begin with producers. Arrows  represent flow of energy. Trophic levels identify consumers. Generally primary consumers are herbivores. Depending upon the food chain, some organisms can occupy different trophic levels. Detrivores can occupy all trophic levels

Food Webs Complex feeding relationships. Illustrates many food chains Mt. Lion Complex feeding relationships. Illustrates many food chains Hawk Fox Snake Goose Deer Grasshopper MOUSE Grass Moss

Which organism seems to be the most important to this food web? HAGH Which organism seems to be the most important to this food web?

Keystone Species Plays a critical role in maintaining the overall balance in an ecological community. Stability of the community depends upon species. Keystone can occupy any level or niche.

Which organism seems to be the most important to this food web? Krill!

Food Web Activity

Food Web Activity

Grass (Producer) Mouse (Primary Consumer) Fox (Secondary Consumer) Mountain Lion (Tertiary Consumer)