Mrs. K. S. K. College , Beed DEPT OF GEOGRAPHY. Dr. Awadhal Chanda

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Presentation transcript:

Mrs. K. S. K. College , Beed DEPT OF GEOGRAPHY. Dr. Awadhal Chanda Mrs. K.S.K. College , Beed DEPT OF GEOGRAPHY Dr. Awadhal Chanda Assit.Professor

Definitions Atmosphere: The thin envelope of gases surrounding the earth Highly compressible Density decreases rapidly with height Air: A mechanical mixture of gases and aerosols

Vertical Structure of Atmosphere Troposphere (surface to 8-20 km) Upper boundary varies from about 8 km (poles in winter) to about 20 km (tropics) Weather and climate layer Most of atmosphere’s mass; all of its water

Vertical Structure of Atmosphere Troposphere (surface to about 8-20 km) Upper boundary varies from about 8 km (poles in winter) to about 20 km (tropics) Weather and climate layer Most of atmosphere’s mass; all of its water Stratosphere (8-20 km up to about 50 km) Ozone (O3) Layer Temperature inversion

Vertical Structure (ctd.) Mesosphere (50-80 km) Temperature decreases with height. Why? Thermosphere (80-? km) Temperature inversion. Why?

Vertical Structure (ctd.) Homosphere vs. Heterosphere

Vertical Structure (ctd.) Homosphere vs. Heterosphere Transition zones between layers Tropopause Stratopause Mesopause

Defining Layers by Function – the Ozonosphere Roughly corresponds to the stratosphere How does the ozone layer work? Why is there a “hole” in the ozone layer? Why no “hole” where the pollution is produced?

Defining Layers by Function – the Ionosphere Upper mesosphere + thermosphere Produces the aurora borealis and aurora australis D Layer – absorbs AM radio waves; disappears at night E Layer – weakens at night F Layer – reflects AM radio waves

Composition of the Air Uniform gases Nitrogen (N2) 78%, (O2) 21%, Argon (Ar) 1%, trace gases (Neon, Helium, Methane (CH4), etc.) Variable gases Water Vapor (H2Ov), O3, CO2