Internet2 and Health Sciences Mary Kratz Manager, Internet2 Health Sciences Biotechnology: The Creation, Transport and Funding of Medical Research School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, MAGPI and Yipes Communications

Why Internet2? The Internet was not designed for: Millions of users Congestion Multimedia Real time interaction But, only the Internet can: Accommodate explosive growth Enable convergence of information work, mass media, and human collaboration Internet2 is focused on the Internet’s potential for our future 1/3/2019

Today’s Internet Provide reliable end-to-end performance Encourage cooperation on new capabilities Allow testing of new technologies Support development of revolutionary applications 1/3/2019

Internet2 Mission Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet. Enable new generation of applications Re-create leading edge R&E network capability Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet This is the Internet2 mission. 1/3/2019

Internet Development Spiral Commercialization Privatization ANS/Core PSI MichNet Today’s Internet AOL UUNet SURANet InternetMCI NYSERNet ANS Intelligent Networks GigaBit Testbeds ARPANet NSFNet NGI MBone Internet2 Research and Partnerships Development 1/3/2019

Internet2 Universities 187 Universities as of July 2001 This is the latest map of Internet2 universities. Each Internet2 university commits to providing the high performance networking on their own campus, connecting to a high-performance backbone network, and supporting advanced applications development on their own campus. 1/3/2019

Internet2 and the Next Generation Internet Initiative NGI University-led Federal agency-led Developing education and research driven applications Agency mission-driven and general purpose applications Building out campus networks, gigaPoPs and inter-gigapop infrastructure Funding research testbeds and agency research networks Internet2 works closely with the federal agencies involved in the Next Generation Internet initiative. Interconnecting and interoperating to provide advanced networking capabilities needed to support advanced research and education applications 1/3/2019

Internet2 Corporate Partners 3Com Advanced Network & Services Alcatel AT&T Cisco Systems IBM Intel Corporation ITC^Deltacom Lucent Technologies Marconi Communications Microsoft Nortel Networks Qwest Communications SBC Communications Sprint Communications WCI Cable WorldCom This is the latest list of Internet2 Corporate Partners. Corporate partners have committed to providing over US$1million in support of collaborations with Internet2 universities. 1/3/2019

Internet2 International Partners http://www. internet2 This is the latest map of Internet2 universities. Each Internet2 university commits to providing the high performance networking on their own campus, connecting to a high-performance backbone network, and supporting advanced applications development on their own campus. 1/3/2019

Abilene 1/3/2019

Abilene Network -Qwest 1/3/2019

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Abilene International Peering and International Transit Network (ITN) STTL CA*net3, (AARnet) APAN/TransPAC, Ca*net3, CERN, CERnet, IUCC, NORDUnet, RENATER, REUNA2, SURFnet, SingAREN, SINET, TAnet2 , (ANSP, HARnet?) OC12 NYCM TEN-155*, JANET, NORDUnet, CA*net3 (HEAnet) BELnet SNVA GEMNET, (SINET) 13+ peers of MoU partners AmPATH STAR TAP ITN…Abilene service component LOSA SingAREN, SINET OC3-12 AmPATH (REUNA2, RNP2, RETINA?) CALREN2 CUDI UT El Paso (CUDI) 1/3/2019 * ARNES, BELNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, HEAnet, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, RedIRIS

Download of “The Matrix” DVD (Comparison of the Internet2 Land Speed Record) 1/3/2019

Advanced Application Attributes Interactive research collaboration and instruction Real-time access to remote resources Large-scale, multi-site computation and data mining Shared virtual reality Any combination of the above 1/3/2019

Advanced Applications Distributed computation Virtual laboratories Digital libraries Distributed learning Digital video Tele-immersion All of the above in combination Advanced applications com in many flavors, and those flavors can be combined. Advanced applications share the characteristic that they require advanced network capabilities to work—they either don’t work at all, or won’t work well on today’s Internet. Enabling advanced applications is at the heart of Internet2. 1/3/2019

Remote Scanning Electron Microscope By the University of Michigan Philips XL30 1/3/2019

Teleimmersion University of Illinois at Chicago University of Illinois-NCSA Old Dominion University

The CAVE 1/3/2019

Immersadesk 1/3/2019

Virtual Pelvic Floor Funded by National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health NO1-LM-9-3543 Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Cook County Hospital, Chicago College of Health and Human Development Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago 1/3/2019

Virtual Pelvic Floor Funded by National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health NO1-LM-9-3543 Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Cook County Hospital, Chicago College of Health and Human Development Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago 1/3/2019

Virtual Temporal Bone Dept. of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Funded by National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health NO1-LM-9-3543 Dept. of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Health and Human Development Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago 1/3/2019

Telecubicle Advanced Network & Services, Brown University, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, University of Pennsylvania 1/3/2019

Grid Projects NEESGrid GriPhyN Infrastructure www.neesgrid.org www.griphyn.org Infrastructure www.gridforum.org 1/3/2019

The Scope of the Internet2 Health Science Workgroup includes clinical practice, medical and related biological research, education, and medical awareness in the Public. Enigma Machine and Bombe Armed forces have always been dependent on communications. During World War II, the German Army and Navy tried to keep their communications secret by using encryption devices called Enigma machines. These sophisticated coding devices could generate over 1 trillion different coding patterns. The Germans believed they were too sophisticated for Allied forces to break them. But in one of the best-kept secrets of the war, first the Poles, and later the British and Americans succeeded in deciphering messages. The wooden device in the foreground is a 4 rotor German Enigma machine, used for encoding. The large machine in the background is a "Bombe," used for breaking the code. Working out the details of codebreaking machines was one of the developments that fostered electronic computers. Smithsonian Photo by Laurie Minor-Penland.

With an Emphasis On: Medical applications on the Internet. Development of application tools to take advantage of Internet2 advanced network services. Leverage and influence Internet2 resources to apply solutions to the medical domain. Inform the medical community of these activities. 1/3/2019

Goals and Objectives Focus on research partnerships for advanced applications Enhance collaboration and information sharing Collaboratories Training Workshops Development of demonstrations and tools Cooperate on standards to maintain global interoperability 1/3/2019

Roadmap Networking Health: Prescriptions for the Internet National Research Council Report Current and future Internet Released 24 February 2000 National Academy Press ISBN 0-309-06843-6 1/3/2019

Health Science Working Groups Middleware Security – HIPAA Guidelines Distance Medical Education Veterinary Medical End to End Performance Visible Human Project Collaboratory Biomedical Informatics Research Network Open Source Electronic Health Record Collaboratory Clinical Trials Research Network Access Grid for Health Sciences Virtual Tumor Boards 1/3/2019

Challenges to Health Sciences "The medical research revolution is happening!  90% of data collected today will never be seen by a human eye.  This is everyone's problem. We must manage a growing amount of data to secure knowledge for the future." - Michael Marron, NIH 1/3/2019

Unanticipated Innovation Lesson of the Web Genomics & proteomics data is currently doubling monthly! Network growth and value are non-linear New technologies enable qualitatively different uses Users become innovators 1/3/2019

Hot Topics Network of the Future Middleware End to End Performance Initiative 1/3/2019

Network of the Future: Context for the next backbone Computational science as an emerging interdisciplinary field Bandwidth as the fourth critical parameter CPU, memory, storage Increasingly distributed data collection and storage Emergence of optical transport technologies Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM) Important distinction: transport vs. switching Transcontinental conduits “Resource Constrained” areas 1/3/2019

Network of the Future/Backbone Strategic goals Incorporate optical technologies into the core of the network Continue to work with regional GigaPoPs in a hierarchy High performance interconnection with international nets Emphasize advanced services high-performance IPv6 line-rate multicast enhanced, native measurement capabilities make differentiated-services based QoS work play our role in End-to-End Performance Initiative 1/3/2019

What is Middleware? Specialized networked services that are shared by applications and users A set of core software components that permit scaling of applications and networks The intersection of what network designers and applications developers each do not want to do The software that everyone wants and nobody wants to pay for 1/3/2019

Upperware:Middleware:Underware A mix of invention and engineering, heavily shaped by political and external issues Enterprise-level security and directory information Authentication Identity Services Authorization Directory Security Key: inter-realm interoperability Implements as common API’s, stand-alone infrastructural services, standard syntaxes, defacto standards in semantics and policies 1/3/2019

Provided by one amplifier service: Build once, re-use many times Why Middleware? Consider a home stereo system as an analogy: Stereo system components: Turntable CD player Cassette recorder use Common Services: Amplification Volume control Tone quality control Provided by one amplifier service: Build once, re-use many times 1/3/2019

Common Services Architecture Consider the “RCA” jack/plug on your stereo as a Standard Interface Without it, we would not enjoy stereo components that are: Low cost; plug-and-play Interoperable; vendor-independent High “data” quality by reduction of replicated data storage The same holds for software components. First, must: Identify common services needed, then Develop interface standards to them 1/3/2019

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Hey, this is not working right! The Problem Hey, this is not working right! Others are getting in ok Not our problem Applications Developer Applications Developer LAN Administrator LAN Administrator Talk to the other guys System Administrator Everything is AOK System Administrator Campus Networking Campus Networking The computer Is working OK No other complaints Looks fine Gigapop Gigapop All the lights are green How do you solve a problem along a path? Backbone We don’t see anything wrong The network is lightly loaded 1/3/2019

E2Epi Mission To enable the researchers, faculty, students and staff who use high performance networks to obtain optimal performance from the current infrastructure on a consistent basis Applications Measurement criteria and tool sets Knowledgebase 1/3/2019

More Internet2 Information On the Web www.internet2.edu Email Mkratz@internet2.edu info@internet2.edu For more information about Internet2, please see these web sites, or contact info@internet2.edu directly by email. 1/3/2019

www.internet2.edu