PRACTICAL ROAD SAFETY ENGINEERING Road Safety Audit Workshop 10 July 1018 Louis Roodt Pr Eng PhD

RSA is the Republic of South Africa The acronym RSA is one of 96 listed on www.Acronymlist.com that includes Repair Service Attendant Road Side Accident Rural Service Area Road-Side Assistance Retirement Savings Account

An appropriate Road Safety Audit acronym?? Research Society on Alcoholism Responsible Serving of Alcohol Russian Space Agency Red Star Army Propose RSAudit

Clients’ expectations from RSAudit SANRAL wants findings for high and extreme risk

Clients’ expectations from RSAudit SANRAL wants findings for high and extreme risk Clients want design check Clients want to pass risk to the auditors Consultants want design check Road safety assessment as part of audit

Practical engineering questions What to report if there is no safety risk: good design What to report if the design report adequately explains the design exemptions What to report if the design standards are known to be high (SSD based on h=0.15)

Personal preferences of auditors Are human Have personal experiences Have specific knowledge What is yours???

Personal preferences of auditors Slipways and intersection angles

Personal preferences of auditors Slipways and intersection angles

Personal preferences of auditors Trees next to road

Practical aspects of RSAudit Site visit relevance and context What if the existing road is completely redesigned Extreme hazards to be reported Separate letter Maintenance laxities Road signs and markings Vegetation

Preliminary design issues 1 Rest areas Tourism facilities e.g. Kaaimans lookout Lay-byes Vegetation Landscaping on medians Mist belts Access control

Preliminary design issues 1 Rest areas Tourism facilities e.g. Kaaimans lookout Lay-byes Vegetation Landscaping on medians Mist belts Access control

Preliminary design issues 2 Auxiliary lanes Separation of low-speed and high-speed traffic High-speed two-way traffic Rural four lane roads: divided or not Lane widths Shoulder widths

Preliminary design issues 3 Lack of recovery area / lateral clearance Low Fill Cut with side drain Culvert head walls Drainage Superelevation

Issues relating to roadworks and traffic accommodation Standards details Project specific exceptions Separation of workers Detours Delay at one way working

Good practice and standard details 1 Guardrails: lengths and starts, end treatment Hazard markers and chevrons Bridge balustrades and transition from guardrails Protection for bridge piers Location of bus and taxi stops Universal access

Good practice and standard details 2 Wrong markings Consistent signage Signage at T-junctions: line of sight or offset? Signage at roundabouts Landscaping on roundabouts Pedestrians at roundabouts

High risk issues in detail designs 1 Slipways: high and low speed designs NMT / pedestrian accommodation at slipways NMT / pedestrian accommodation at roundabouts Tapers Oblique intersections for trucks

High risk issues in detail designs 2 Ribbon development Schools Transitions rural to urban NMT / Pedestrian facilities Public transport Rail crossings

RSAudit response Lack thereof Inadequate feedback No design exceptions registers No institutional memory of good practice

Way forward? Sharing information High standards of design Ultimately out of work The End