Welcome to social studies 6a! Will you please enter your information in the bottom right hand corner box before we get started? 2. How are you doing today? 3. Are you on pace or do you need help catching up? 4. Do you have any questions for me?

WARM UP question: Today’s warm-up: A physical feature is a landform like a mountain or ocean. What physical features exist close to where you live?

Follow up question: How do you think physical features (landforms) affect WHY people choose to live where they live? For example, WHY might someone choose to live near a river (think basic survival needs, not things like “because rivers are pretty”)

Ancient greece - terrain Greece has a very scenic landscape. The terrain of Greece is very varied. There are mountains, valleys and coasts. The high mountains are separated by deep valleys through which rivers flow.

What does it mean to be a Greek city-state? Ancient Greeks became too overcrowded on the Greek mainland. They spread out to the surrounding islands and formed colonies. These colonies became city-states. Each city-state, or polis, had its own government. Some city states were monarchies ruled by kings or tyrants. Others were oligarchies ruled by a few powerful men on councils. The city of Athens invented the government of democracy and was ruled by the people for many years.

Social structure and citizenship in the Greek polis The Greeks built their polis around a hill called an Acropolis. On this high ground stood their main temple. Below, they built their homes and a marketplace. People enjoyed life outdoors in the mild climate of Ancient Greece. Most public business was conducted outdoors. People also went to the theatre. Social structure and citizenship in the Greek polis Citizens free adult males had political rights and the responsibility of civic participation in government. Women and foreigners had no political rights. Slaves had no political rights.

Greek City-States Athens Mediterranean Sea Greece Aegean Sea Asia Minor Athens Sparta Mediterranean Sea

Athens Athens was the primary city-state after the Persian War. Athens was the cultural center of Greece, it had its golden age under the ruler Pericles. The thing that set Athens apart from the other city-states was its government. Athens was a democracy. The government of Athens, however, went through several stages before reaching democracy.

Drama 1. Can you think of any examples of Ancient Greece used in today’s popular media? (TV, Movies, Etc…) The Greeks began the practice of performing plays in outdoor amphitheatres. Theatre began as a festival worshipping Dionysus, the god of wine and fertility, but evolved into the art form we are familiar with today. A group of actors, called the chorus, stood on stage and talked about what was happening in the play. Only men were allowed to be actors.

Athens

Greek City-States Athens Mediterranean Sea Greece Aegean Sea Asia Minor Athens Sparta Mediterranean Sea

Spartan boys Sent to military school at age 6 or 7 OwlTeacher.com Spartan boys Sent to military school at age 6 or 7 Taught survival skills and other skills necessary to be a great soldier School courses were difficult and often painful Although they were taught reading and writing, these skills were not very important in ancient Sparta Between age 18 – 20, Spartan males had to pass a difficult test of fitness, military ability, and leadership skills

Spartan boys If they failed: If they passed: They became a full citizen and a Spartan soldier Spartan soldiers spent most of their lives with fellow soldiers They ate, slept, and continued to train with the others If married, they did not live with their wives and families They became a middle class member. Were allowed to own property and have business dealings, but had no political rights and were not citizens.

Spartan girls In Sparta, girls went to school at age 6 or 7 OwlTeacher.com Spartan girls In Sparta, girls went to school at age 6 or 7 They lived, slept, and trained in their sisterhood barracks Girls were taught wrestling, gymnastics, and combat skills Spartans believed that strong women would produce strong babies

OwlTeacher.com Spartan girls At age 18, Spartan girls were also put to a test of fitness and skills If she passed: she would be assigned a husband and was allowed to return home If she failed: she would lose her rights as a citizen and become a perioikos, a member of the middle class. In Sparta, citizen women enjoyed a great deal of freedom

Ancient Greece is all around you! Plato (c.429-327 BC) - He was a brilliant student of Socrates and later carried on his work. He gathered Socrates' ideas and wrote them down in a book. Plato founded the world's first university. He wrote down his teachings and people all over the world, even today, study the Greek philosophers Aristotle (382-322 BC) - discovered many things in science and biology. He wrote books about physics, poetry, zoology, biology, politics, governments, and more. His father was the personal physician of the King of Macedonia. Pythagoras - was a mathematician. Pythagoras' theorem on right triangles. Alexander the Great - Alexander the Great was born in 356 B.C. in Pella, Macedonia, the son of Philip of Macedon, who was an excellent general and organizer. He was called 'the Great' because he conquered more lands than anyone before him and became the overall ruler of Greece.