Acute and chronic systemic corticosteroid–related complications in patients with severe asthma Patrick Lefebvre, MA, Mei Sheng Duh, MPH, ScD, Marie-Hélène.

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Acute and chronic systemic corticosteroid–related complications in patients with severe asthma Patrick Lefebvre, MA, Mei Sheng Duh, MPH, ScD, Marie-Hélène Lafeuille, MA, Laurence Gozalo, PhD, Urvi Desai, PhD, Marie-Noëlle Robitaille, MA, Frank Albers, MD, PhD, Steve Yancey, MSc, Hector Ortega, MD, ScD, Mark Forshag, MD, Xiwu Lin, PhD, Anand A. Dalal, PhD, MBA, BPharm Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 136, Issue 6, Pages 1488-1495 (December 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.07.046 Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Risk of SCS-related complications by SCS exposure. In addition to controlling for key baseline characteristics (sex, age, race, state, total health care costs, and ≥1 emergency department or inpatient visit at baseline) and time-dependent variables (quarter, Charlson comorbidity index, and cost of concomitant medications), the GEE model used to estimate the risk of SCS-related complications by SCS exposure controlled for the year of index date and occurrence of the SCS-related complication of interest at baseline. Error bars represent 95% CIs. *Statistical significance at a P value of .05. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 136, 1488-1495DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.07.046) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Health care resource use because of SCS-related complications by SCS exposure. In addition to controlling for key baseline characteristics (sex, age, race, state, total health care costs, and ≥1 emergency department or inpatient visit at baseline) and time-dependent variables (quarter, Charlson comorbidity index, and cost of concomitant medications), the GEE model used to estimate health care resource use because of SCS-related complications by SCS exposure controlled for pre-existing conditions at baseline. Error bars represent 95% CIs. *Statistical significance at a P value of .05. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 136, 1488-1495DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.07.046) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 A, Annualized incremental costs of SCS-related complications for medium and high SCS exposure relative to low SCS exposure by type of service. B, Annualized incremental costs of SCS-related complications for medium and high SCS exposure relative to low SCS exposure by type of complication. Incremental costs of chronic and acute complications are not mutually exclusive because they were estimated through claims that could be associated with several diagnoses. As a consequence, costs associated with some claims were counted for both chronic and acute complication costs, whereas they were counted only once to estimate the incremental total health care costs. $US PPPY, US dollars per patient per year. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 136, 1488-1495DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.07.046) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E1 Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 136, 1488-1495DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.07.046) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E2 Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 136, 1488-1495DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.07.046) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions