Informal Commands WALK! SLEEP! EAT!

In Spanish… When we want to tell a friend to do something we use informal (tú) commands… ¡Come! – EAT! ¡Camina!- WALK! ¡Duerme!- SLEEP!

Informal Commands Commands are used for both do’s and don’ts Lets begin with the do’s. To state the do’s of most verbs, drop the –s off of the regular tú form. STATEMENT COMMAND (tú) caminas ¡Camina! Walk! (tú) comes ¡Come! Eat! (tú) duermes ¡Duerme! Sleep! Hablar Habla s

Los Irregulares venir = ven decir = di salir = sal hacer = haz tener = ten ir = ve poner = pon ser = sé (mantener= mantén) * ir and ver have the same tú command, context will determine the meaning. Ver Ven di sal haz ten ve pon sé Vin Diesel has ten weapons, eh!

Placement of reflexive and object pronouns in tú commands. Pronouns are attached to affirmative commands. If the command has two or more syllables, a written accent mark is added to maintain the original stress pattern. Ex: alegrarse ¡Alégrate! (Be happy! ) sentarse ¡siéntate (Sit down! ) pedir ¡Pídeselo! (Ask her for it!) * Remember when using direct and indirect object pronouns. Indirect object pronouns come first (people come first). Rules for Accent Marks 1 pronoun, 3rd syllable back 2 pronouns, 4th syllable back

Practiquemos… ¡Abre la ventana! Open the window!… Verb Abrir Put it in the tú form = tú abres Drop the –s = abre ¡Abre la ventana!

Más prática… ¡Habla ahora! Speak now!... Verb hablar Put hablar in the tú form= hablas Drop the –s = habla ¡Habla ahora!

Más práctica… ¡Bebe agua! Drink water!... Verb beber Put beber in the tú form= bebes Drop the –s = bebe ¡Bebe agua!

Negative Commands To state the don’ts- negative (tú) commands Start with the present tense “yo” Drop the “o” Add the opposite tú ending. (-as for er/ir verbs) (-es for ar verbs) STATEMENT COMMAND (yo) fumo (tú) fumas ¡No fumes! Don’t smoke! (yo) corro (tú) corres ¡No corras! Don’t run! (yo) duermo; duermes ¡No duermas! Don’t sleep!

Irregulares: dishes dar = no des ir = no vayas saber = no sepas hacer = no hagas estar = no estés ser = no seas * Place reflexive and object pronouns before the verb in a negative command. Ex: No te sientas triste. Don’t feel sad No me lo digas. Don’t tell me (it).

Let’s work on negative commands… Don’t buy pizza!... Verb comprar Put comprar in the yo form= compro Put comprar in the tú form= compras Change the –as to –es= compres ¡No compres la pizza!

Let’s work on negative commands… Don’t open the door!... Verb abrir Put abrir in the yo form= abro Put abrir in the tú form= abres Change the –es to –as= abras ¡No abras la puerta!

Let’s work on negative commands… Don’t drink soda!... Verb beber Put beber in the yo form= bebo Put beber in the tú form= bebes Change the –es to –as= bebas ¡No bebas los refrescos!

Let’s work on negative commands… Don’t have a party!... Verb tener Put tener in the yo form= tengo Put tener in the tú form= tienes Change the –es to –as= tengas ¡No tengas una fiesta!

Let’s work on negative commands… Don’t go out!... Verb salir Put salir in the yo form= salgo Put salir in the tú form= sales Change the –es to –as= salgas ¡No salgas!

Any stem changes or spelling changes in the “yo” form still remain in negative commands. hablar = no hables traer = no traigas decir = no digas salir = no salgas conocer = no conozcas

Verbs with spelling changes: -car, -gar, and -zar There are several verbs that change spelling when made into negative commands to keep their sound… 1. Verbs ending in –car like Practicar - ¡No practiques! -c changes to a qu to keep the hard k sound 2. Jugar - ¡No juegues! - g changes to gu to keep the hard g sound 3. Empezar - ¡No empieces! - z changes to c to keep the “th” sound in Spain

Let’s work on negative commands… These next verbs have spell changes… Either g changes to gue OR c changes to a que Don’t play in the house! - Verb jugar- in tú form = juegas - Change –as to –es and remember spelling change!= juegues ¡No juegues en la casa!

Let’s work on negative commands… Don’t touch the piano! -Verb tocar in tú form = tocas -Change –as to –es and remember the spelling change!= toques ¡No toques el piano! Don’t arrive late! ¡No llegues tarde!

Te toca a ti… Eat more fruit! ¡Come más frutas! Sleep 8 hours a day! ¡Duerme ocho horas al día!

Te toca a ti… Don’t run in the house! ¡No corras en casa! Don’t open the book! ¡No abras el libro!