The effect of CO2 insufflation-desufflation attacks on tissue oxidative stress markers during laparoscopy: a rat model  Mesut A. Unsal, M.D., Suleyman Guven, M.D., Mustafa Imamoglu, M.D., Sevim Aydin, M.D., Ahmet Alver, Ph.D.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 92, Issue 1, Pages 363-368 (July 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.047 Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 MDA levels of ileum in all groups (mean ± SEM; ∗P<.001 for gasless group vs. other groups; ∗∗P<.001 for ×10 group vs. continuous group and ×5 group). Fertility and Sterility 2009 92, 363-368DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.047) Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Histopathologic score results of mucosal, submucosal, and muscular layers of the terminal ileum in all groups (mean ± SEM; ∗P<.005 for gasless group vs. other groups; #P=.004 for continuous group vs. ×10 group). Fertility and Sterility 2009 92, 363-368DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.047) Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 (A) A section through normal ileum in gasless group (H&E ×10). (B) The 10 mmHg IAP continuous group showed subepithelial edema, partial separation of apical epithelial cells, and broadening of villi in the mucosa layers and slight edema or hemorrhagia in the submucosal layer (H&E ×10). (C) The ×10 time IAP change group showed moderate to severe leukocyte infiltration and congestion in mucosal and submucosal layers (H&E ×10). Fertility and Sterility 2009 92, 363-368DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.047) Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions