The Mole Chemistry.

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Presentation transcript:

The Mole Chemistry

What is a Mole? A mole is a specified number of particles. 6.02 X 1023 particles, to be exact This number is Avogadro’s number.

How Large is this Number? A mole of paper clips (3 cm long) chained together would wrap around the equator 450 trillion times.

How Large is this Number? A mole of cantaloupes (6 inches in diameter) has the same volume as Earth (1.1 x 1012 km3).

How Large is this Number? A mole of pennies distributed evenly to everyone in the world (7 billion people) would enable each person to spend $1.6 million per minute for an entire year.

How Large is this Number? A mole of coffee stirrers (3 cm x 6 mm) would cover the contiguous U.S. coast to coast, border to border, and pile about 40 miles high.

A Mole is the Number of Particles. 1 mole of C has 6 ****A Mole is the Number of Particles**** 1 mole of C has 6.02 X 1023 particles 1 mole of CO has 6.02 X 1023 particles 1 mole of C02 has 6.02 X 1023 particles So when we write: 2 CO, we mean 2 moles of carbon monoxide 2 CO2, we mean 2 moles of carbon dioxide

How many moles of each product/reactant? 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + 2H2O N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 2Li + Br2 → 2LiBr

Conversions with Moles So for equations (and dimensional analysis), you can ALWAYS make the conversion factor of: 1 mole of element or compound 6.02 X 1023 atoms or molecules Or

Example: How many atoms are in 2.12 mol of C3H8? Knowns: 2.12 mol C3H8 1 mol C3H8 = 6.02 X 1023 molecules C3H8 11 atoms 6.02 X 1023 molecules C3H8 2.12 mol C3H8 = 1 molecule C3H8 1 mol C3H8 = 1.40 X 1025 atoms

Mass of a Mole of a Compound The molar mass of any compound is the mass in grams of 1 mol of that compound. So you can read the periodic table as the atomic mass = mass in g/mol. What is the molar mass of N? O? So what is the molar mass of N2O?