5-5 NOTES: TRANSLATION RNA  PROTEIN

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Translation (Protein Synthesis) RNA  protein. Making a protein Many RNAs needed –mRNA, tRNA, rRNA.

Advertisements

Making Proteins Cell Structure (80% of cell membrane is proteins) Transport Channels Cell Processing Hormones (signals) Enzymes What else?

Proteins are made in the ribosomes outside the nucleus.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

Chapter 13.2 (Pgs ): Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

Chapter 13.2 Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

Objective Understand the process of translation Explain how proteins are assembled Analyze the end result (proteins’ function and structure)

Transcription & Translation Transcription DNA is used to make a single strand of RNA that is complementary to the DNA base pairs. The enzyme used is.

Chapter 10: DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis

3.A.1 DNA and RNA Part IV: Translation DNA, and in some cases RNA, is the primary source of heritable information. DNA, and in some cases RNA, is the primary.

Transcription and Translation How genes are expressed (a.k.a. How proteins are made) Biology.

Decoding the message. DNA and RNA work together to produce proteins Remember: A protein is a specific sequence of amino acids.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION. TRANSLATING THE GENETIC CODE ■GENES: CODED DNA INSTRUCTIONS THAT CONTROL THE PRODUCTION OF PROTEINS WITHIN.

Protein synthesis Transcription and translation. fromtoto make up also calledwhich functions toalso called which functions to can be RNA Messenger RNA.

Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis. Learning Objectives  Identify the genetic code and explain how it is read.  Summarize the process of translation. 

Chapter – 10 Part II Molecular Biology of the Gene - Genetic Transcription and Translation.

Genetics: RNA and Protein Synthesis

Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

Translation mRNA  protein.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS CHAPTER 10 section 4

Transcription and Translation

Gene Expression Continued

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Triplet code Codon = 3 mRNA bases =codon chart…use mRNA to code

RNA and Protein Synthesis

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis Standards:

Protein Synthesis.

Old News TRANSCRIPTION: process that makes an _______ ___________ of DNA. RNA is ________________, and ___ is replaced by ___ (A-U; G-C) RNA___________________.

Transcription & Translation.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Amino Acid Activation And Translation.

Genetics The Central Dogma

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Translation (Protein Synthesis) RNA  protein.

Section 4 Protein Synthesis

Transcription and Translation

Central Dogma Central Dogma categorized by: DNA Replication Transcription Translation From that, we find the flow of.

Transcription Steps to Transcribe DNA:

Transcription & Translation

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

RNA - TRANSLATION.

Translation Mrs. Harper 2/20/18 Biology.

Translation Decoding the message.

GENE EXPRESSION / PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Ch Protein Synthesis Protein Synthesis Proteins are polypeptides

Protein Synthesis.

Translation AKA, Protein Synthesis Amino Acid Protein tRNA Nucleus

DNA carries the “code of life”

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Continuation: translation

Translation converts an mRNA message into a polypeptide, or protein.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis.

Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

Presentation transcript:

5-5 NOTES: TRANSLATION RNA  PROTEIN

Remember…. Flow of information is: DNA  RNA  Protein Called the Central Dogma

Translation Definition: The process of assembling proteins from the mRNA message. Location: ribosome Molecules involved: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

BEFORE TRANSLATION TAKES PLACE DNA has the codes to make a protein

BEFORE TRANSLATION TAKES PLACE DNA has the codes to make a protein mRNA is transcribed carrying the copy of information to make a protein

BEFORE TRANSLATION TAKES PLACE DNA has the codes to make a protein mRNA is transcribed carrying the copy of information to make a protein mRNA leaves the nucleus and binds to a ribosome.

Steps of Translation Step 1- Initiation Ribosome assembles at the start codon of mRNA (methionine) AUG

Steps of Translation Step 2- Elongation The ribosome moves down the mRNA one codon at a time and tRNA adds an amino acid

Steps of Translation Step 2 Elongation Peptide bonds are formed between the amino acids creating a growing polypeptide. Protein molecule

Steps of Translation Step 3- Termination The process continues until a stop codon is reached. Ribosome falls apart releasing the newly made protein stop codon Protein molecule

Proteins 20 different amino acids are used to create thousands of different proteins.

Proteins 20 different amino acids are used to create thousands of different proteins. The # and order of these AA determines which protein they become.

How does tRNA know which AA to bring?

tRNA reads Codons A Codon is 3 nucleotides long on mRNA

tRNA reads Codons A Codon is 3 nucleotides long on mRNA Each codon codes for an Amino Acid

tRNA reads Codons A Codon is 3 nucleotides long on mRNA Each codon codes for an Amino Acid Certain codons signal start and stop.

Genetic Code The genetic code is a set of rules for translation

How to use the Genetic Code (Translating) Use the three letters of the codon 1st letter on left side to find row 2nd letter on top to find column 3rd letter on right to narrow down to one AA AAC

Transcribe then translate this piece of DNA DNA: T-A-C-A-A-T- A-G-G-G-T- C mRNA: AA:

Make and fill in chart Translation Transcription location Molecule made Molecules involved