Transtheoretical Model Stages of Change Theory

Change Theory Changing behavior is difficult Examples?

Change Theory Typical influences used to promote health: Social (peer pressure, policy changes) Biological (nicotine replacement) In Stages of Change Theory, influence occurs from within Behavior modification occurs in stages, over time These stages describe an individual’s attitude toward the change

Stage One: Precontemplation Represents those individuals who have no desire to change behaviors in immediate future Some in this stage are unaware of behavior Some aware of behavior consequences but continue anyway Rationalizing makes sense Previous failures at behavior modification

Precontemplation: The Four R’s Reluctance Not fully conscious of behavior’s impact May not think change will result in positive outcome Rebellion May be due to prolonged fears Adolescence Resignation Lack of energy to change Overwhelmed over amount of perceived effort needed to change Rationalization Excuses

Stage Two: Contemplation Intent to change behavior within six months Six-month term based upon behavior modification research Individual is aware of the desired behavior Benefits Barriers (finances, time, support) Planned change is based on interpretation of benefits and barriers

Stage Three: Preparation Serious consideration of behavior change within 30 days Previous attempts to change (smoking cessation for a week, e.g.) Here, the individual is most ready for change

Stage Four: Action A distinct change in behavior occurs Change is consistent Visible Receives the most recognition Requires the greatest commitment Relapse common in this stage

Stage Five: Maintenance Should be at least six months after the behavior change, may last for years The changed behavior will dictate amount of time needed in this stage Major changes will probably require more time Minor changes, will probably require less time Individual’s self-efficacy is highest at this stage

Stage Six: Termination Behavior change has been permanently adopted 100% self-efficacy No temptation to relapse Often, a more realistic goal is permanent maintenance Termination difficult to achieve

Can You Identify the Stage? Steve wants to meet more people, so he enrolls in a travel class. Class begins next week Natty began an exercise program eight months ago and continues to participate

Can You Identify the Stage? Tatiana is told by her family she consumes too much alcohol, but she doesn’t feel there is a problem Mark wants to reduce his negative stress. He investigates possible therapists through his insurance company and has begun to research stress on the internet.

Stage Model: Applied to You Changes you acknowledge you need/want Changes you are undergoing Changes you have made Changes you do not yet know about