Classification of Matter Unit 9 Lecture 1
Matter Has mass (different than weight which is mass due to gravity) Occupies space Volume and weight are unreliable quantities Temperature affects volume Weight changes with location (higher the elevation, weight is less because less gravity)
Element Pure substance Cannot be separated into simpler substances Made of same type of atoms Only one symbol from a periodic table Cannot be separated into simpler substances always has same properties as another pure sample Example: copper wire
Element Activities Click on my webpage links under Chemistry and choose Periodic Table Elements and Games. Naming elements Naming Symbols
Compound Made of two or more different elements chemically combined More than one symbol from the periodic table Example: H2O
Properties of a compound differ from those of the elements that it is made up from Water: liquid at room temperature; puts out fires Hydrogen: gas at room temperature; flammable Oxygen: gas at room temperature; flammable
3. Mixtures consist of parts that have different properties Consists of two or more substances that each retain their own individual properties 3 ways formed: 2 or more elements mixed together Mixture of copper and nickel coins A compound and element mixed together 2 or more compounds mixed together Mixture of sugar and salt
Properties of Mixtures Mixture retains properties of each of the different parts of the mixture Composition of mixture varies Example: Bag of fruit snacks
Types of Mixtures Homogenous sample from one part of mixture has the same composition as a sample from any other part of the mixture Example: Ketchup, perfume, shampoo
Solutions Homogenous mixture 2 parts: Example: Salt water Solute: substance that gets dissolved Solvent: substance in which the solute gets dissolved Example: Salt water Salt = solute Water = solvent
Heterogeneous Sample of matter that has parts with different compositions Throw salt on top of sugar – not equal composition throughout mixture Example: italian dressing