Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi: /nrneurol

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Cell signaling: responding to the outside world Cells interact with their environment by interpreting extracellular signals via proteins that span their.

Advertisements

Signal Response and Amplification

Table 3 Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy standardized data collection form and HPO mapping Thompson, R. & Straub, V. et al. (2016) Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies.

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors as initial therapy for non- small cell lung cancer: Focus on epidermal growth factor receptor.

Figure 1 Food, nutrition, obesity, physical activity, and the cellular processes linked to cancer Figure 1 | Food, nutrition, obesity, physical activity,

Cell Signaling Pathways – A Case Study Approach

Figure 4 Progression-free survival, according to treatment group

Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi: /nrneurol

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION Signal Transduction Pathway Protein Modification Phosphorylation Cascade Protein Kinases.

Signal Transduction by the JNK Group of MAP Kinases

Figure 3 Life expectancy at birth in all countries included

Figure 1 Histopathology of low-grade glioma

Figure 2 Crosstalk between TGF-β/Smad and other pathways in tissue fibrosis Figure 2 | Crosstalk between TGF-β/Smad and other pathways in tissue fibrosis.

Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. doi: /nrclinonc

Figure 1 Cellular processes involved in cancer development

Figure 5 Schematic illustration of different clinical trial designs

Figure 3 Molecular subgroups of glioblastoma,

Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi: /nrneurol

Figure 1 Signalling pathways involved in muscle wasting in heart failure Figure 1 | Signalling pathways involved in muscle wasting in heart failure. Pathways.

Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. doi: /nrclinonc

Figure 4 Possible combination therapies CDK4/6 inhibitors

Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. doi: /nrclinonc

Oncogenic B-Raf mutations

Figure 1 A schematic representation of the HER2 signalling pathway

Figure 2 Co-stimulatory receptors as immunomodulatory targets

Figure 3 Defects in the T cell receptor signalling pathway

Figure 2 Oestrogen receptor signalling pathways

Nat. Rev. Urol. doi: /nrurol

Figure 1 Gliomas—genetic landscape and biomarkers

Figure 3 Hypothetical mechanisms of smoking-associated

Figure 5 Drugs that target WNT signalling

Figure 3 Physiological regulation of autophagy in the heart

Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi: /nrneurol

Figure 1 mTOR complex biology

Figure 4 Angiogenic signalling network and inhibition by antiangiogenic drugs Figure 4 | Angiogenic signalling network and inhibition by antiangiogenic.

Thermal profiling identifies kinases involved in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and glycolytic metabolism as palbociclib targets Thermal profiling identifies.

Targeted Therapies in Melanoma: Translational Research at Its Finest

A genome-based strategy uncovers frequent BRAF mutations in melanoma

Toru Furukawa Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Figure 1 The trajectory of cognitive ageing

Figure 4 Generation of tau seeds and spread of tau pathology

Figure 1 Neuromuscular junction in myasthenia gravis (MG)

Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. doi: /nrclinonc

Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi: /nrneurol

Nat. Rev. Urol. doi: /nrurol

FGFR Signaling as a Target for Lung Cancer Therapy

Figure 2 Logistical requirements for autologous

Figure 1 The VEGF family of growth factors

Figure 3 Regulation of TGF-β1/Smad signalling by microRNAs (miRs) in tissue fibrosis Figure 3 | Regulation of TGF-β1/Smad signalling by microRNAs (miRs)

Mona Malz, Federico Pinna, Peter Schirmacher, Kai Breuhahn

Figure 3 Overall survival, according to treatment group

The RAS/MAPK Axis Gets Stressed Out

Pin-Pointing a New DAP Kinase Function: The Peptidyl-Proly Isomerase Pin1 Is Negatively Regulated by DAP Kinase-Mediated Phosphorylation Shani Bialik,

Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio

Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi: /nrneurol

Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. doi: /nrendo

The Role of Neuronal Complexes in Human X-Linked Brain Diseases

Benjamin Solomon, MBBS, PhD, Richard B. Pearson, PhD

Chemokines and T Lymphocytes

Family of calibrated models recovered for immediate‐early signalling downstream of seven transmembrane receptors in HepG2 cells. Family of calibrated models.

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signalling pathway.

Apoptosis: Current Biology

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway showing mutations identified in pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH). The mitogen-activated.

Signaling by Ras/Raf/ERK in the regulation of β-cell proliferation.

Guilty as charged Cancer Cell

Interaction of Heterotrimeric G-Protein Components with Receptor-like Kinases in Plants: An Alternative to the Established Signaling Paradigm? Swarup.

c-Raf in KRas Mutant Cancers: A Moving Target

RAS activation RAS activation (A) RAS is bound to GDP in the inactive state. Signal transduction can lead to the activation of RAS, via a GEF (GDP/GTP.

Overview of molecular JAK signaling.

Therapeutic strategies for different classes of BRAF and MEK mutations

Presentation transcript:

Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2016.173 Figure 2 Molecular genetic pathways affected in low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumours Figure 2 | Molecular genetic pathways affected in low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumours. Genetic alterations detected in low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumours (LEATs) connect two major signalling pathways, the RAS–RAF–MAPK (green) and PI3K–AKT–mTOR (blue). Upstream in receptor signalling, FGFR1 mutations have been described in dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours. B-Raf is a component further downstream in the RAS–RAF–MAPK signalling cascade. Activation of this pathway by the Val600Glu mutation detected in gangliogliomas leads to phosphrylation of MAPKs, which phosphorylate and regulate transcriptions factors for cell proliferation and differentation, such as CREB, c-fos. B-Raf and MEK1/2 are pharmacological targets for therapy (pink). MAP kinase activation is regulated by substrates of the PI3K–AKT–mTOR signalling cascade (red links). One of the regulated transcription factors, c-MYB/MYBL1 (purple), is altered in angiocentric gliomas. Genetic alterations described in LEAT are indicated by a lightning bolt. Dashed lines indicate weak interaction employing additional pathways (Akt–CMYB/MYBL1) or direct, but weak interactions (all other dashed lines). Blümcke, I. et al. (2016) Low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumours — the 2016 WHO classification Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2016.173