Do Now: NOTE CHECK! Find your Day #2 Notes for Solution Chemistry (03/17/17, I believe)

Acid/Base Notes Day 1 03/28/17

First the easy stuff…Bases and their names! Bases contain an OH group If an OH group is present it will be clearly indicated: e.g. NaOH, Ca(OH)2 Also notice that bases have a metal (or positive ion such as NH4+ at their beginning) Bases are named like other ionic compounds: Cation is named first, followed by the polyatomic ion Ca(OH)2 CuOH aluminum hydroxide ammonium hydroxide

What is an Acid? There are many different definitions of an acid. We will be working with the simplest definition. ACID – is a H+ (hydronium ion) donor. This means that our acids will begin with the element “H”

Naming Acids All acids are named by FIRST identifying the ANION present Ignore the NUMBER of “H” atoms in the formula – concentrate on identifying the anion.

Naming Acids There are three basic rules to remember Anion Name Acid Name - ide Hydro- -ic Acid -ate -ic Acid -ite -ous Acid

Try a Few Acid Anion Acid Name HCl Cl- Chloride Hydrochloric Acid H3PO4 PO43- Phosphate Phosphoric Acid H2SO3 SO32- Sulfite Sulfurous Acid

Rules for Naming Acids – if the anion contains oxygen The suffix –ic is added to the root name if the anion name ends in –ate. Examples: HNO3 Nitric acid H2SO4 Sulfuric acid HC2H3O2 Acetic acid The suffix –ous is added to the root name if the anion name ends in –ite. HNO2 Nitrous acid H2SO3 Sulfurous acid HClO2 Chlorous acid

Oxy-acid naming rules

Naming Acids- Examples Acid Anion Acid Name HClO ClO- HypoChlorite Hypochlorous Acid H3PO5 PO53- PerPhosphate Perphosphoric Acid The –ate and –ite ending of the anion still dictate how the acid will be named

Flowchart for Naming Acids

Writing Acids This process is just the opposite of naming. Identify the anion Write the anion (including its charge) The charge on the anion tell you how many “H+” atoms to add Remove all charges

Writing Acids Name Anion Acid Formula Hydrobromic acid Br- HBr Sulfuric acid SO42- H2SO4 Periodic acid IO4- HIO4 Phosphorous acid PO33- H3PO3

Flowchart for Naming Acids