Four Part 3,500+ Slide PowerPoint This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter, Energy and the Environment entire unit . This unit includes… Four Part 3,500+ Slide PowerPoint 14 Page bundled homework package and 20 pages of units notes that chronologically follow the PowerPoint 17 worksheets that follow unit. 3 PowerPoint review games, 29+ video and academic links, rubrics, games, activity sheets, and more. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html

Purchase the entire four curriculum, 35,000 slides, hundreds of pages of homework, lesson notes, review games, and much more. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thanks again for your interest in this curriculum. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

Part II Gas Laws and More

RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

-Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please label. T E MP Gas Vapor Boiling Melting Water Ice Heat Added 

RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

“Hoot, Hoot” “Good Luck!” Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow “Hoot, Hoot” “Good Luck!” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Gases and Other Laws. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Charles Law: Volume of a gas increases with temperature Charles Law: Volume of a gas increases with temperature. (Gases expand with heat). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The formula for the law is: Volume ________ = K Temp Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The formula for the law is: Volume ________ = K Temp Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) K is a constant. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) K is a constant. K= The universal constant in the gas equation: pressure times volume = R times temperature; equal to 8.3143 joules per Kelvin per mole. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) K is a constant. K= The universal constant in the gas equation: pressure times volume = R times temperature; equal to 8.3143 joules per Kelvin per mole. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) K is a constant. K= The universal constant in the gas equation: pressure times volume = R times temperature; equal to 8.3143 joules per Kelvin per mole. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Demonstration: Fit a balloon to the top of a glass bottle and place in pan with water. Place on top of heat source and observe. ?

Demonstration: Fit a balloon to the top of a glass bottle and place in pan with water. Place on top of heat source and observe.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up. When the temperature goes down, the volume of the gas decreases.

Set up of Demonstration. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Using Charles law, what will happen to the two balloons below? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of demonstration. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions to demonstration. Sketch the difference between the two. How does temperature effect the volume of a gas? Think about the gas molecules in each balloon. Use observations to back up your answers. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

When temperatures get colder, you may need to add some more molecules to get the safe PSI for your vehicle. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The air molecules are moving very slowly so the ball is flat. You may notice that your sports equipment doesn’t work well when you go out into your garage in the winter. The air molecules are moving very slowly so the ball is flat. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

You may notice that your sports equipment doesn’t work well when you go out into your garage in the winter. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis. “Hello ladies, I am the Italian savant named Amedo Avogadro.” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis. “Hello ladies, I am the Italian savant named Amedo Avogadro.” “I would love to show you my gas laws, will you join me?” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis. “Hello ladies, I am the Italian savant named Amedo Avogadro.” “I would love to show you my gas laws, will you join me?” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro's Law: Equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of particles, or molecules. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Gas Laws and more available sheet.

Gas Laws and more available sheet.

Activity! Pressure and Volume Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume Do not over pump the “Fizz Keeper” or it can shoot-off violently. Please wear safety goggles! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume Drop a small tied balloon into a plastic soda bottle. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume Drop a small tied balloon into a plastic soda bottle. Cap bottle with the “Fizz Keeper” and pump many times. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume Drop a small tied balloon into a plastic soda bottle. Cap bottle with the “Fizz Keeper” and pump many times. Observe what happens to the balloon during the pressurizing. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume Drop a small tied balloon into a plastic soda bottle. Cap bottle with the “Fizz Keeper” and pump many times. Observe what happens to the balloon during the pressurizing. Unscrew cap and observe balloon. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. What happened to the balloon when pressure was added and then removed? What is the connection between pressure and volume of a gas? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. What happened to the balloon when pressure was added and then removed? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. What happened to the balloon when pressure was added and then removed? Answer: The balloon got smaller when the pressure was added and then larger when removed. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. What is the connection between pressure and volume of a gas? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. What is the connection between pressure and volume of a gas? Answer: When pressure was increased, volume of the gas decreased. When pressure was decreased, volume increased. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which container below has the lowest air pressure if the balloons are similar? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which container below has the lowest air pressure if the balloons are similar? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: The one on the right because the balloon has expanded since it has less pressure acting on it. A B Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The container on the left must have higher air pressure because it is decreasing the volume of the gas in the balloon. A B Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume are inversely proportional. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

“I’m Pressure.” As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. “I’m Pressure.” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

“I’m Volume.” “I’m Pressure.” As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. “I’m Volume.” “I’m Pressure.” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Very Important! Record in Journal.

Gas Laws and more available sheet.

Activity! Syringes

Activity! Syringes (Safety Goggles Needed)

Activity! Syringes Depress plunger on the syringe.

Activity! Syringes Depress plunger on the syringe. Cover hole with finger.

Activity! Syringes Keep thumb on opening. Depress plunger on the syringe. Cover hole with finger. Try and pull handle (gently please). Why is it difficult? Keep thumb on opening.

Why is it difficult? Activity! Syringes Keep thumb on opening. Depress plunger on the syringe. Cover hole with finger. Try and pull handle (gently please). Why is it difficult? Keep thumb on opening. Why is it difficult?

Activity! Syringes Keep thumb on opening. Answer: It was difficult because your finger created a sealed vacuum and prevented air from entering the chamber. Keep thumb on opening.

Activity! Syringes Keep thumb on opening. Answer: It was difficult because your finger created a sealed vacuum and prevented air from entering the chamber. Atmospheric pressure is 1 kilogram per square centimeter at sea level. Keep thumb on opening.

Gas Laws and more available sheet.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite)

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) Fill syringe.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) Fill syringe. Cover hole with finger.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) Fill syringe. Cover hole with finger. Try and push handle (gently please).

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) Fill syringe. Cover hole with finger. Try and push handle (gently please). How does this represent Boyles Law?

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) How does this represent Boyles Law?

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) How does this represent Boyles Law? Answer: As you depress the plunger, you increase pressure and the volume of the gas is decreased.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) How does this represent Boyles Law? Answer: As you depress the plunger, you increase pressure and the volume of the gas is decreased. Please determine how many milliliters you were able to compress the gas inside using the numbers on the syringe.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) How does this represent Boyles Law? Answer: As you depress the plunger, you increase pressure and the volume of the gas is decreased. Please determine how many milliliters you were able to compress the gas inside using the numbers on the syringe. Answer: You should be able to compress the gas to about 50% of it’s starting volume by hand and then it gets difficult.

“Can’t wait to eat my yogurt.”

As you inhale, your diaphragm flattens out allowing your chest to expand and allows more air to flow into your lungs.

As you inhale, your diaphragm flattens out allowing your chest to expand and allows more air to flow into your lungs. Air pressure decrease, air then rushes into your lungs.

As you exhale, your diaphragm relaxes to a normal state As you exhale, your diaphragm relaxes to a normal state. Space in chest decreases.

As you exhale, your diaphragm relaxes to a normal state As you exhale, your diaphragm relaxes to a normal state. Space in chest decreases. Air pressure increases, air then rushes out of your lungs.

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? Inhale Exhale A B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? B A B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? B A B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? B A B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? B A B

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? Inhale Exhale A B A B

The Bends (Decompression Sickness) – Bubbles form in blood if you rise to quickly because of the rapid decrease in pressure. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The Bends (Decompression Sickness) – Bubbles form in blood if you rise to quickly because of the rapid decrease in pressure. A diver must save time to travel to surface slowly so body can adjust. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Gas Laws and more available sheet.

Gas Laws and more available sheet. Works as a teacher demonstration.

Activity – Pressure and temperature. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity – Pressure and temperature. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Safety Goggles Required Activity – Pressure and temperature. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity – Pressure and temperature. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Temp and Pressure.

Activity! Temp and Pressure. Record temperature inside bottle with cap off under normal atmospheric pressure.

Activity! Temp and Pressure. Record temperature inside bottle with cap off under normal atmospheric pressure. Pump up bottle using “Fizz Keeper” as much as you can until it doesn’t create more pressure.

Activity! Temp and Pressure. Record temperature inside bottle with cap off under normal atmospheric pressure. Pump up bottle using “Fizz Keeper” as much as you can until it doesn’t create more pressure. Record temperature in bottle under pressure.

Activity! Temp and Pressure. Record temperature inside bottle with cap off under normal atmospheric pressure. Pump up bottle using “Fizz Keeper” as much as you can until it doesn’t create more pressure. Record temperature in bottle under pressure. Observe the temperature as you unscrew the cap.

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” What was the temperature change? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” What was the temperature change? How are pressure and temperature related? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” What was the temperature change? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” What was the temperature change? The temperature increased a few degrees with increased pressure. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” How are pressure and temperature related? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” How are pressure and temperature related? They are inversely proportional. When one goes up, the other goes down. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Very Important! Record in Journal.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, temperature increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, temperature increases. As pressure decreases, temperature decreases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Pressure and temperature: Can you explain how this bird will continue to drink thinking about temperature and pressure? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: Your body heat warms the fluid in the abdomen. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: The heat increases the vapor pressure in the abdomen relative to the head (the reverse of what happens when you wet the head). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: The fluid rises into the head in response to the pressure difference (moving from high pressure to low pressure). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: The bird becomes top-heavy, and tips. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Cool Water wets felt around head Answer: The bird becomes top-heavy, and tips. Cool Water wets felt around head Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure rises Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure rises As pressure rises, temp rises Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure rises As pressure rises, temp rises Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure rises As pressure rises, temp rises Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure rises “Watch out” As pressure rises, temp rises Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure rises “Watch out” As pressure rises, temp rises Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure rises “Watch out” As pressure rises, temp rises “Watch out” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

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This photoshop job might look “Funny”.

Caution! Graphic Images of burns / the dangers of pressure and temperature.

The consequences of severe burns and explosions are not “funny”. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The ideal gas law: PV = nRT (pressure times volume equals the number of molecules times the gas constant times temperature) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The ideal gas law: PV = nRT (pressure times volume equals the number of molecules times the gas constant times temperature) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The ideal gas law: PV = nRT (pressure times volume equals the number of molecules times the gas constant times temperature) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The ideal gas law: PV = nRT (pressure times volume equals the number of molecules times the gas constant times temperature) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The ideal gas law: PV = nRT (pressure times volume equals the number of molecules times the gas constant times temperature) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The ideal gas law: PV = nRT (pressure times volume equals the number of molecules times the gas constant times temperature) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The ideal gas law: PV = nRT (pressure times volume equals the number of molecules times the gas constant times temperature) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

P=Pressure V=Volume is equal to the.. n= Number of molecules R= Gas constant = 8.134 JK m T= Temperature Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

P=Pressure V=Volume is equal to the.. n= Number of molecules R= Gas constant = 8.134 JK m T= Temperature Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

P=Pressure V=Volume is equal to the.. n= Number of molecules R= Gas constant = 8.134 JK m T= Temperature Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

P=Pressure V=Volume is equal to the.. n= Number of molecules R= Gas constant = 8.134 JK m T= Temperature Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

P=Pressure V=Volume is equal to the.. n= Number of molecules R= Gas constant = 8.134 JK m T= Temperature Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

P=Pressure V=Volume is equal to the.. n= Number of molecules R= Gas constant = 8.134 JK m T= Temperature Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

P=Pressure V=Volume is equal to the.. n= Number of molecules R= Gas constant = 8.134 JK m T= Temperature Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Video Link! (Optional) Khan Academy Ideal Gas Law (Advanced) http://www.khanacademy.org/video/ideal-gas-equation--pv-nrt?playlist=Chemistry

Activity! Visiting Ideal Gas Law Simulator http://www.7stones.com/Homepage/Publisher/Thermo1.html How you can use this gas law to find…

Activity! Visiting Ideal Gas Law Simulator http://www.7stones.com/Homepage/Publisher/Thermo1.html How you can use this gas law to find… Calculating Volume of Ideal Gas: V = (nRT) ÷ P

Activity! Visiting Ideal Gas Law Simulator http://www.7stones.com/Homepage/Publisher/Thermo1.html How you can use this gas law to find… Calculating Volume of Ideal Gas: V = (nRT) ÷ P Calculating Pressure of Ideal Gas: P = (nRT) ÷ V

Activity! Visiting Ideal Gas Law Simulator http://www.7stones.com/Homepage/Publisher/Thermo1.html How you can use this gas law to find… Calculating Volume of Ideal Gas: V = (nRT) ÷ P Calculating Pressure of Ideal Gas: P = (nRT) ÷ V Calculating moles of gas: n = (PV) ÷ (RT)

Activity! Visiting Ideal Gas Law Simulator http://www.7stones.com/Homepage/Publisher/Thermo1.html How you can use this gas law to find… Calculating Volume of Ideal Gas: V = (nRT) ÷ P Calculating Pressure of Ideal Gas: P = (nRT) ÷ V Calculating moles of gas: n = (PV) ÷ (RT) Calculating gas temperature: T = (PV) ÷ (nR)

Activity! Gas Law Simulator. http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Laboratory/GLP.htm What happens to molecules when… Temperature is increased. Pressure is increased. Volume is decreased. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Gas Law Simulator. http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Laboratory/GLP.htm What happens to molecules when… Temperature is increased. Pressure is increased. Volume is decreased. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Gas Law Simulator. http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Laboratory/GLP.htm What happens to molecules when… Temperature is increased. Pressure is increased. Volume is decreased. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Gas Law Simulator. http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Laboratory/GLP.htm What happens to molecules when… Temperature is increased. Pressure is increased. Volume is decreased. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Optional Class Quiz: The Quiz is difficult, but the correct answers are revealed which is the learning component. Remember Kinetic Molecular Theory. http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/taters/Unit5KMT.htm Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Gas Laws and more available sheet.

Activity / Happy Face Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Hundreds of more slides, activities, video links, End of Preview Hundreds of more slides, activities, video links, homework package, lesson notes, review games, rubrics, and much more on the full version of this unit and larger curriculum.

Four Part 3,500+ Slide PowerPoint This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter, Energy and the Environment entire unit . This unit includes… Four Part 3,500+ Slide PowerPoint 14 Page bundled homework package and 20 pages of units notes that chronologically follow the PowerPoint 17 worksheets that follow unit. 3 PowerPoint review games, 29+ video and academic links, rubrics, games, activity sheets, and more. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html

Purchase the entire four curriculum, 35,000 slides, hundreds of pages of homework, lesson notes, review games, and much more. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thanks again for your interest in this curriculum. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com