Do Now: Please place on your desk: Writing utensil Folder Agenda Listen for instructions!

Topic:ORIGINS OF HINDUISM Unit: Ancient India EQ: How did the beliefs and practices of Hinduism control social structure and everyday behavior in Ancient India?

Origins of Hinduism Indian society was divided into distinct groups under the Aryans. The Aryans practiced a religion known as Brahmanism. Hinduism developed out of Brahmanism and influences from other cultures.

Origins of Hinduism HINDUISM: The main religion of India that grew out of the beliefs of the ancient Aryan peoples; it teaches that everything is part of a universal spirit called Brahman.

Origins of Hinduism Vedas:“Books of Knowledge.” These were the ancient books of sacred poems, hymns, myths, and rituals on which much of Hinduism is based.

The Varnas Aryan society was divided into groups Groups organized by occupation Strict rules about how people could interact

place these groups in order of social rank RANKING place these groups in order of social rank Sudras: Workers and servants Vaisyas: Farmers, craftspeople and traders Kshatriyas: Rulers and Warriors Brahmins: Priests

Caste System Individuals Place in society based on birth, wealth, or occupation 3,000 castes once existed in India. Individuals could rarely change castes. Caste Rules Sutras (guides) listed all the rules for the caste system. Breaking rules resulted in a transfer to a lower caste.

Brahmanism Brahmanism Vedic Texts Aryan priests were called Brahmins. Brahmins wrote thoughts about Vedas called Vedic Texts Vedic texts describe rituals Upanishads Evolving Beliefs The Vedas, Upanishads, and other Vedic texts began blending with beliefs from different cultures, creating Hinduism.

Hinduism Beliefs Universal spirit-Brahman created the universe and everything in it. Everything in the world is part of Brahman. Every person has a soul or atman that will eventually join with Brahman. People’s souls are reincarnated many times before they can join with Brahman. A person’s karma affects how he or she will be reincarnated.

Hindu Beliefs Brahma “The Creator” One god who is everywhere and in everyone and everything. His four faces symbolize the four Vedas.

Hindu Beliefs Siva: (Shiva) Siva is the destroyer of monster enemies. Siva is dancing on the back of a demon he has defeated.

Hindu Beliefs Vishnu Preserver Symbols of his power and greatness: Conch shell mace discus

Hindu Beliefs Reincarnation

Life and Rebirth Every person has a soul or atman that will eventually join with Brahman. People’s souls are reincarnated many times before they can join with Brahman. Reincarnation: A belief that souls are born and reborn many times, each time into a new body. People move in a constant cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. Form of rebirth depends upon your karma.

Hinduism and the Caste System Karma: The effects that good or bad actions have on a person’s soul. What a person does in one life influences the caste that person will be born into in the next life.

Hinduism and the Caste System Karma Good actions build good karma and people are born into a higher caste Evil actions build bad karma and people are born into a lower caste Moksha Good karma will bring salvation or freedom from life’s worries and the continual cycle of rebirth Dharma Accept your place in the world without complaint Builds good karma Preserves the caste system

Think-Pair-Share Think:What 2 characteristics of a civilization do we see within Brahmanism and Hinduism??? Pair: Discuss with your table Be prepared to Share with the class!