WWII CLOZE Notes 1 Axis Powers Italy Japan Aggression Ignores Treaty Adolf Hitler Italy conquered Albania and ___________________________in Africa. Mussolini increased the size of Italy’s ___________________________. In 1925, Benito Mussolini became ___________________________. The aggressive countries soon became known as the _______________________________. Japan signed an alliance with ___________________________________in 1940. Mussolini signed an ___________________________with Germany in 1936. Japan eventually conquered the East Indies, the Philippines, and many other ___________________________. A month later, the Japanese captured ___________________________. In January ________, the Japanese captured Manila, the capital of the Philippines. Over the next few years, Japan conquered all of eastern China. Japan built up its army, navy, and air force and ___________________________in 1931. Emperor Hirohito was the ___________________________and the military had a lot of power in his government. In 1939, Hitler’s Nazi army invaded ___________________________. Hitler also ___________________________of Czechoslovakia, and France and Great Britain gave in. In 1938, he ___________________________with Germany. In 1936, Hitler took back some ___________________________along the Rhine River. He also promised to restore Germany’s ____________________________. He rebuilt Germany’s ___________________________. Hitler soon became Germany’s ___________________________, taking complete control of the country. The Nazi party’s leader, ___________________________, gained control of Germany in 1932 because he promised to ____________________________________________________________in the world. © 2014 Brain Wrinkles WWII CLOZE Notes 1

WWII CLOZE Notes 2 Axis Success Two-Front War U.S. Enters WWII Pearl Harbor Neutral U.S. Japan had conquered all of ___________________________, the East Indies, the Philippines, and many other Pacific Islands. Germany had conquered most of ___________________________ and had invaded the Soviet Union. The Axis powers were successful in the ___________________________ of WWII. In the ___________________________, it fought against Japan. In ___________________________, it fought against Italy and Germany. The US fought a ___________________________ during WWII. On December 11, ___________________________ declared war on the US. They agreed and the US officially entered WWII on ___________________________. The next day, President Roosevelt asked Congress to ___________________________ on Japan. More than ___________________________ were killed, and many US battleships and airplanes were destroyed. On ___________________________, Japanese airplanes made a surprise attack on the US naval base at ___________________________ in Hawaii. Many people in the US believed that the war was Europe’s problem, not America’s. When WWII broke out in Europe in ____________, the US followed a policy of ___________________________, which meant that they wouldn’t help either the Axis or Allied powers. © 2014 Brain Wrinkles WWII CLOZE Notes 2

WWII CLOZE Notes 2 VE Day Closing In Holocaust D-Day People were thrilled and ___________________________ all over Europe and the United States. The next day, May 8, 1945, is called VE Day – ___________________________. ___________________________ to the Allies on May 7, 1945. Finally, the American and Soviet armies met in Germany on ___________________________. American, British, and French forces closed in on Germany ___________________________. In 1945, the Soviets advanced steadily from the east ___________________________ itself. As the Allies advanced through Europe, they captured the concentration camps and _______________________________________________ that were still alive. Hitler was responsible for the murder of more than ___________________________ between 1933 and 1945. Finally, Jews were rounded up and forced into ___________________________ where millions died. Then he forced them to move into ___________________________ called ghettos. First, he hurt the Jews economically by forcing Germans to _____________________________________________________ from Jewish shops. Hitler blamed all of ___________________________ after WWI on the Jewish people. Throughout Hitler’s rule, the Nazis persecuted __________ and other minorities in Germany. By August, Paris had been liberated and by September, the Germans were completely ___________________________. The Germans were now being attacked from the west, ___________________________, and the east. They ___________________________, but the Allied troops still came under heavy fire and thousands were killed. On June 6, ___________________________ Allied forces under the command of US General Dwight D. Eisenhower invaded ___________________________. © 2014 Brain Wrinkles WWII CLOZE Notes 2

WWII CLOZE Notes 3 VJ Day Atomic Bombs Iwo Jima Japan’s Soldiers Island Hopping This day is officially known as VJ Day – ____________________________________ . The two sides signed formal surrender papers on the US battleship Missouri on ________________________________________ . Both cities were completely ___________________________ , and the Japanese finally agreed to surrender. A few days later, the US dropped a second bomb on ___________________________ . On August 6, 1945, an American bomber plane dropped the first ___________________________ ever used in war on the Japanese city of ___________________________ . He warned the Japanese government to ___________________________ , but they refused to give up. President ___________________________ made a difficult decision to use nuclear weapons against Japan. The Allies thought about invading Japan, but were worried that too many ______________________________________________________ . It was a fierce battle, but the ___________________________ eventually took the island. The Japanese protected the island with traps and ___________________________ . The island was important because it was ___________________________ and it was a good place for US planes to land. In February 1945, American forces invaded the island of ___________________________ . Japanese ___________________________ crashed their planes into US ships on purpose, fully expecting to die. The Japanese soldiers ___________________________ and were willing to sacrifice themselves for their country. Fighting Japan was difficult because the Japanese were ___________________________ . This campaign brought American troops closer and ___________________________ . US forces ___________________________ island after island held by the Japanese. In 1944, the US followed an ___________________________ campaign in the Pacific. © 2014 Brain Wrinkles WWII CLOZE Notes 3

WWII CLOZE Notes 4 Truman Churchill Stalin Roosevelt Harry ____________________ US – Franklin ____________________ & Japan – Emperor __________________ Soviet Union – Joseph ____________ Italy – Benito ______________________ ____________________ – Winston Churchill ____________________ – Adolf Hitler Allied Powers Axis Powers He was the US president when ___________________________ . He made the difficult decision for ___________________________ to be used against Japan. When President Roosevelt died on April 12, 1945, Vice-President Harry S. Truman became the ___________________________ . He was a symbol for the ___________________________ of the British and he led the country through its darkest hours of the war. He was a writer and ___________________________ and served in the British Army in Africa and India. Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister of ___________________________ during WWII. In May 1945, the Soviets under Stalin were able to ___________________________ , Germany’s capital, and defeated the German forces. Even though the Soviet Union was an Allied Power, Stalin was a ___________________________ like Hitler and Mussolini. Joseph Stalin led the ___________________________ during WWII. Roosevelt led the country in its fight against the Axis; however, he ___________________________ to the see the end of the war. He ___________________________________ and pushed for laws to help the Allies. After WWII began in 1939, Roosevelt urged the US to get ___________________________ . President Franklin ____________________ led the US through most of WWII. © 2014 Brain Wrinkles WWII CLOZE Notes 4

WWII CLOZE Notes 4 Hirohito Mussolini Hitler Emperor Hirohito planned to build a ___________________________ in East Asia. The military had a ___________________________ in his government, allowing Japan to exercise aggression throughout Asia. The Japanese believed that their emperor, Hirohito, was descended ___________________________ . He was ___________________________ and killed by Italians in 1945. Italy surrendered to the Allies in ____________ , but Mussolini escaped. In 1936, he signed a ___________________________ and joined WWII. After WWI, Mussolini became the leader of the Italian Fascist Party and slowly ___________________________ of every aspect of Italy’s government. He was trained as a ___________________________ and later joined the Italian Army in WWI. Benito Mussolini was the dictator who led ___________________________ during WWII. He is responsible for the deaths of over 6 million Jews during the ___________________________ . At first his army was successful, but eventually they ___________________________ . Hitler rebuilt ___________________________ and led the country in WWII. In 1933, he became chancellor of Germany and slowly __________________________________ until he had total control over the country. Adolf Hitler was the _______________________________________ during WWII. © 2014 Brain Wrinkles WWII CLOZE Notes 4

WWII CLOZE Notes 5 Rosie the Riveter Women in WWII Rationing Many women helped ___________________________ and ships by fastening metal plates together with clamps called rivets. She was called ___________________________ , and she symbolized the many women working in factory jobs. The government created a poster showing an energetic ___________________________ in overalls, ready to “do the job he left behind.” By the time the war ended, ___________________________ of people working in US business & industry were women. Over ___________________________ took jobs in America’s industries. When most of the young men went off to fight in Europe & the Pacific, women had to take their place in ___________________________ . Times were tough, but the American people ___________________________ on a common goal – to win WWII and bring US soldiers home. The government put wartime ___________________________ on everything from sugar, coffee, meat, butter, shoes, to gasoline. During the war, much of the ___________________________ were limited to only what was necessary for ___________________________ . Americans had to make ___________________________ in order to conserve materials to help factories make products needed for the war. ___________________________ in American life took place during WWII. © 2014 Brain Wrinkles WWII CLOZE Notes 5

WWII CLOZE Notes 5 United Nations Tuskegee Airmen Segregation In 1950, the UN headquarters was built in ___________________________ . The purpose of the UN is to solve international disputes peacefully rather than by war and to protect ___________________________ . The UN Charter was signed by ___________________________ in 1945 in San Francisco, California. President Roosevelt suggested the name ___________________________ , and in 1944, a conference was help in Washington D.C. that outlined the purposes of the UN. During WWII, Allied leaders wanted to create an international group to help ___________________________ in the future. They were the only squadron that did ___________________________ during WWII. They ___________________________ to protect them while they traveled to Europe. The Tuskegee Airmen were a well-respected ___________________________ . Because they were black, they were segregated from the white pilots, but they still went through the same difficult ___________________________ . They were ___________________________ who trained at Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. The ___________________________ were a group of young black men that made a name for themselves during WWII. In 1948, ___________________________ issued an executive order to desegregate the armed services. The military ___________________________ African-American troops from white American troops. During WWII, the military services were strictly ___________________________ . © 2014 Brain Wrinkles WWII CLOZE Notes 5