The effect of instruction in analgesic use compared with neuromuscular exercise on knee-joint load in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial A. Holsgaard-Larsen, B. Clausen, J. Søndergaard, R. Christensen, T.P. Andriacchi, E.M. Roos Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Volume 25, Issue 4, Pages 470-480 (April 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.10.022 Copyright © 2016 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions
Fig. 1 Flow diagram. Flow diagram of participants in the study. Due to low adherence to interventions as per protocol analysis was not performed. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2017 25, 470-480DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2016.10.022) Copyright © 2016 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions
Fig. 2 Between-group changes in outcomes. The between-group changes for primary and secondary and not pre-specified explorative outcomes. Values are presented as between-group difference from baseline and 95% CIs (mean [95% CI]). Note that x-axis for Knee Index (Nm/%BW HT) and KAM (Nm/%BW HT) is inverted. Abbreviations are: external knee adduction moment (KAM (Nm/%BW HT)), external KAM impulse (KAM impulse (Nm/%BW HT sec)), KOOS for pain, symptoms, ADL, Sport/Rec, knee related QOL, Åstrand maximal endurance capacity (Åstrand VO2max) and the University of California at Los Angeles activity questionnaire (UCLA). *One-leg rise from a stool was only collected n = 17 and n = 14 for PHARMA and NEMEX, respectively and consequently, the statistics are performed ‘as observed’ (no imputation). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2017 25, 470-480DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2016.10.022) Copyright © 2016 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions