Matías Heinrich VP Operations Latam October 2011 Challenges in implementing new technologies. An operator’s perspective. Matías Heinrich VP Operations Latam October 2011 © Level 3 Communications, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Level 3, Level 3 Communications and the Level 3 Communications Logo are either registered service marks or service marks of Level 3 Communications, LLC and/or one of its Affiliates in the United States and/or other countries. Level 3 services are provided by wholly owned subsidiaries of Level 3 Communications, Inc. Any other service names, product names, company names or logos included herein are the trademarks or service marks of their respective owners.

Operator’s impacts CapEx TPM Energy and space Training Customers Approvals Added Complexity Infant Mortality Legacy always stays!

Mitigation Strategies More infrastructure, less equipment Reduce number of POPs Simplify the network

Transition to IPv6 There is no single clear path forward! 6to4 Tunnels Teredo Tunnels Dual stack Service Networks Hybrid approaches 6RD (RFC 5969) MPLS and 6PE Carrier grade NATs NAT Protocol Translation There is no single clear path forward!

Transitional Myths Geoff Huston, APNIC We have many years for this transition Users will not see any difference in the transition NAT upon NAT upon NAT will work Changing the CPE is easy My ISP has enough IPv4 addresses to last for years, so it does not have a problem We will always have to run IPv4 protocols There is a technology that will translate between IPv4 to IPv6 We do not necessarily have to transition to IPv6. There are substitutes We know what is happening We know what we are doing We have a plan! The Internet will be fine

Conclusions We are already too late… But solutions are available Transition requires a lot of time Transition means risk for customers’ service Transition means loss of margin for operators.