Angiogenesis in liver disease

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Angiogenesis in liver disease Mercedes Fernández, David Semela, Jordi Bruix, Isabelle Colle, Massimo Pinzani, Jaume Bosch Journal of Hepatology Volume 50, Issue 3, Pages 604-620 (March 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.12.011 Copyright © 2009 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Overexpression of VEGF, VEGF receptor-2, and CD31 in portal hypertensive mice. (Left) Protein expressions in splanchnic organs from partial portal vein-ligated (PPVL) mice and sham-operated (SO) control animals, seven days after the initial surgery. (Right) Protein expressions at days 1, 5, and 7 after the induction of portal hypertension in mice. Representative western blots are shown at the top and densitometric quantification normalized to α-tubulin is shown at the bottom of each panel. ∗P<0.05 vs. SO mice (left) or vs. day 1 (right). Journal of Hepatology 2009 50, 604-620DOI: (10.1016/j.jhep.2008.12.011) Copyright © 2009 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Effects of rapamycin (RAPA), Gleevec or RAPA+Gleevec on angiogenesis mediators when portal hypertension was completely established. (A) Expression of CD31, VEGF, VEGFR-2, PDGF, PDGFR-beta, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the intestine of PPVL rats after treatment with RAPA, Gleevec, RAPA+Gleevec or vehicle. Representative blots are shown at the left and quantification of expression normalized to α-tubulin is shown at the right. (a) P<0.05 vs. PPVL-vehicle. (b) P<0.05 vs. PPVL-RAPA. (B) Representative histological images of mesentery sections stained with H&E from PPVL and SO rats treated with RAPA or vehicle. Original magnification 40×. (C) Quantitative analysis of neovascularization in the mesentery from PPVL and SO rats treated with RAPA or vehicle. (a) P<0.05 vs. PPVL-vehicle. Journal of Hepatology 2009 50, 604-620DOI: (10.1016/j.jhep.2008.12.011) Copyright © 2009 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Effects of RAPA, Gleevec or RAPA+Gleevec on splanchnic hemodynamics when portal hypertension was completely established. (a) P<0.05 vs. SO-vehicle; (b) P<0.05 vs. SO-RAPA; (c) P<0.05 vs. SO-Gleevec; (d) P<0.05 vs. PPVL-vehicle. Journal of Hepatology 2009 50, 604-620DOI: (10.1016/j.jhep.2008.12.011) Copyright © 2009 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Diagramm illustrating the synergism between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PLGF). (VEGF receptor 1, VEGFR1; VEGF receptor 2, VEGFR2). Journal of Hepatology 2009 50, 604-620DOI: (10.1016/j.jhep.2008.12.011) Copyright © 2009 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 BCLC-9 cell line derived from a human HCC. It has been shown to produce VEGF that is further enhanced under hypoxic conditions [131]. Journal of Hepatology 2009 50, 604-620DOI: (10.1016/j.jhep.2008.12.011) Copyright © 2009 Terms and Conditions