2. Intro to Physics I: Motion AP: Module #9: BJ4 Physical Science: Chap 12 - 14 Reading Assignments Homework Assignments:

Lecture Topics 1. Review Steps of the Scientific Method Step 1: Make initial observations of the world around you. In this way you are able to define a problem or question. Sometimes you may use the observations of others during this step. For example, you observe the sky conditions for a month and you notice that there seems to be two types of basic cloud forms, cumuliform (puffy) and stratiform (layered). Step 2: You then propose a hypothesis to explain observations. Your hypothesis needs to be testable, so you can determine if it is true or not. For example, you think about your observations and you propose that the types of clouds, cumuliform or stratiform, are related to how fast the temperature cools off with height. So you state that for cumulus clouds to form the air needs to cool at least by 4 F for every 1000 feet in elevation. Step 3: Test the hypothesis with further observations or experiments. You gather data, temperature information from weather balloons (rawinsondes), and you record the types of clouds that form along with how fast the temperature cools. Step 4: Analyze data from observations or experiments. You then plot the temperature and cloud data on a diagram and see if your hypothesis or prediction is correct. Step 5: State your conclusions about the hypothesis based upon your data analysis. If your conclusions show that the hypothesis is correct, you may want to do further experiments to make sure that your hypothesis is always true, or ask new questions that expand upon the knowledge gained. If it proved to be false, then you need to go back to step 1 and re-examine the observations in order to make a new hypothesis. Hypotheses, Theories, and Laws Hypotheses: An initial explanation of an observation Theories: Workable hypothesis for body of data/observations - able to make prediction Laws: Description of behavior - doesn't mean that it is correct all the time.

4. Module 9 Introduction (pp 203): - Physics as basic science - Relationship with Mathematics

Mechanics - Study of Motion Relative Motions (Why is all motion relative - what is absolute motion) Speed: v = Δ distance/Δ time (p 206) Δ = finial - initial Velocity: Speed + direction (p 208) Vector and Scalar quantities (p 209) Acceleration: Δ velocity/ Δ Time (p214) Acceleration due to gravity (p 218) - Free fall rates on earth (9.8 m/s2 32 ft/s2 ) - Gravity general law F = Gm1m2/d2 relation to F = ma Distance Traveled Formula (p 220) - Distance from Starting Point = 1/2 x acceleration x (time)2 - Unit Check Review the "On Your Own Questions"