ENERGY and MATTER Make up our universe MATTER has mass and occupies space we can see it is a substance Energy Is the mover of a substance has ability to do work or cause change process and a “thing” a verb and a noun can transform from one form to another Can transfer from one object to another is mostly not visible

CONSERVATION OF ENERGY Energy CANNOT be created or destroyed only transferred from one form to another, total energy DOES NOT change

2 Types of Mechanical Energy Mechanical means pertaining to the laws of motion 1- Potential Energy - Energy stored and held in readiness - Has the potential to do work 2- Kinetic Energy (gravitational) - Energy of motion A yo-yo has kinetic energy when moving - Does work through motion

PE = mgh Gravitational Potential Energy Energy cont. Gravitational Potential Energy -Potential energy due to elevated position - Work is done to elevate object against earth’s gravity Gravitational potential energy = mass * gravitational acceleration * height PE = mgh Where mass= m, g=gravitational acceleration, and h= height

POTENTIAL E TYPES- stored E Mechanical- E due to position (a spring) Nuclear- E locked in nucleus of an atom (splitting of atoms called fission) Chemical- E stored in food, coal etc. Gravitational- E stored due to gravity (a dam)

What are some examples?

KE = m * v² 2 Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy = mass * velocity² 2 - Depends on the objects mass and speed - Not just speed but speed multiplied by itself or squared - Small changes in speed produce large changes in kinetic energy Kinetic energy = mass * velocity² 2 KE = m * v² 2

KINETIC E TYPES Movement- E created due to motion Electrical- E due to movement of electrons Radiant- E emitted by electromagnetic waves (radio, x-rays) -Thermal- E created by heat and internal movement of atoms

What are some examples of this?

Energy Illustrations -Fold a blank sheet of paper into four sections -Illustrate the 7 types of energy (4 on front 3 on back) -Each section must : - Illustrate an EXAMPLE (not mine) of each E type - Define the energy type - Write example into a sentence