Chemical Reactions

Outline Chemical Reaction Chemical Equation Parts of a chemical equation Skeleton Equation Types of Reactions

Chemical Reaction Process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

Chemical Equations A representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show how the reactants form into products. Think of it like the words underneath a piece of art that describe it for the viewer.

Parts of a chemical equation Reactants – Chemicals on the left side of the equation Products – Chemicals on the right side of the equation Reactants “react” to “produce” the products.

Skeleton Equations Chemical Equation that does not indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products I.E. This just lets us know what reactants and products are involved, not the correct amounts of them

Combination Reaction Chemical change where two or more substances react to form a single new substance. Also known as Synthesis reaction Na + Cl -> NaCl is a simple combination reaction.

Decomposition Reaction Chemical change where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler products. 2HgO-> 2Hg + O2

Single Replacement Reaction Chemical change where one element replaces a second element in a compound Zn + Cu(NO3)2 -> Cu + Zn(NO3)2

Activity Series Lists metals in decreasing order of reactivity. A metal will replace any metal beneath it on the chart. For example: Tin would replace Copper, but not Carbon.

Double Replacement Reaction Chemical Change involving an exchange of positive ions. For example: Na2S + Cd(NO3)2 -> Cds + 2NaNO3

Combustion Reaction Chemical change where an element or compound reacts with oxygen often producing energy in the form of light and heat. 2C8H18 + 25O2 -> 16CO2 + 18H2O is the reaction between gasoline and air inside a combustion engine.

Reaction Type overview Reaction Types Combination A + B  AB or 2H2 + O2  2H2O   Decomposition AB  A + B or 2NaHCO3  H2 + 2NaCO3 Single-Displacement AX + B  BX + A or Fe + CuCl2  FeCl2 + Cu Double-Displacement AB + CD  AD + CB or Pb(NO3) + 2KI  PbI2 + 2KNO3 Combustion hydrocarbon + O2  CO2 + H2O or C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O