CHM 585 / 490 Chapter 5.

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Presentation transcript:

CHM 585 / 490 Chapter 5

Chapter 5 Polystyrene PET Addition polymerization Condensation Polymerization

Polystyrene

How many “mers” Monomer Dimer Trimer Oligomer Polymer

Polystyrene

Polystyrene

Dow polystyrene plants

Polystyrene is a vinyl polymer made from vinyl monomers; that is, small molecules containing carbon-carbon double bonds. simplest vinyl polymer, polyethylene is made from ethylene

Addition Polymerization Addition polymerization if the entire monomer molecule becomes part of the polymer. Polystyrene is made by an addition polymerization Similarly polyethylene, polypropylene, and other vinyl polymers are addition polymers

Esterification

Esterification / Condensation

Polyethylene Terephthalate Condensation Polymer

Transesterification

PET by Transesterification

PET by Transesterification DMT is a distillable material Can be purified Melts at 140 C Can be shipped and transferred as a liquid

Catalysis Esterifications and transesterifications are acid catalyzed reactions. But!!!!! What else is an acid catalyzed reaction?

Ether Formation Acid catalyzed dehydration of alcohols

PET catalysts Typically not: Common catalysts: Often combinations used H2SO4, H3PO4 Common catalysts: Zinc acetate, Sb2O3, Ti(OR)4 Often combinations used Leave in catalyst