Rootkits Jonathan Hobbs.

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Presentation transcript:

Rootkits Jonathan Hobbs

What is a rootkit? A tool set installed to grant a user root access First modern rootkits emerged in the mid 1990s Before rootkits there were log cleaners

Goal of a Rootkit Maintain access Execute malware Remain hidden

Types of Rootkits Binary rootkits Kernel- and User-level rootkits Remote & local access Hide processes, connections, files, and user activity Kernel- and User-level rootkits Loadable Kernel Module Firmware rootkits

Installation Rootkit installation can be achieved in two ways Trojan Horse Root or administrator level access Local or remote UNIX rootkit installation process (LKM backdoor example) Disable shell history Setup directory structure for rootkit Freeze system logs Deploy backdoor

Architecture Scanner Scans for vulnerable systems Installer Payload

Payloads Back doors Packet sniffers Log and file wipers Denial of service

Detection Evasion & System Manipulation Techniques include Masquerading Hooking Direct Kernel Object Manipulation (DKOM)

Hooking and Masquerading Rootkit payload pretending to be normal programs’ Windows: using the System Service Dispatch Table (SSDT) https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1588822

DKOM Windows EPROCESS Connected by double-linked lists Rootkit processes hidden by unlinking themselves from the list https://www.symantec.com/avcenter/reference/when.malware.meets.rootkits.pdf

Summary Rootkits have effectively compromised systems by manipulating the core operating system processes Different types of rootkits exist which compromise the system at different levels Rootkits require administrator access to a system for installation and execution

Questions?