Unit 2 Chemical Categories.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 2 Chemical Categories

Atomic structure All material is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are extremely small particles. The head of a pin contains about 60 000 000 000 000 000 000 atoms!

Mind map opportunity

Nucleus Consists of protons and neutrons Protons have a positive charge and neutrons are neutral. Nucleus Electrons move around the nucleus in shells. The shell is the place where groups of electrons are found. Electrons are negatively charged and 1/2000 the mass / size of a proton Add this to mind map Note an atom is 99.99% empty space - with all its mass concentrated into the nucleus. Famous Kiwi scientist Rutherford discovered this!

Atom structure review Sub-atomic particle Where found Charge Proton In the nucleus Positive Neutron Neutral Electron Outside the nucleus Negative

Silver and historically gold is placed in thin foils on Indian sweets.

Atomic number symbol Name 1 H Hydrogen 2 He Helium 3 Li Lithium 4 Be An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance. Every element is made up of its own type of atom. This is why the chemical elements are all very different from each other. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. The atomic number determines which element an atom is. Atomic number symbol Name 1 H Hydrogen 2 He Helium 3 Li Lithium 4 Be Beryllium 5 B Boron 6 C Carbon 7 N Nitrogen 8 O Oxygen 9 F Fluorine 10 Ne Neon

Elements Each element is defined by the number of The table shows all known elements.

What makes an Atom Stable? - not shake!